Oocytes from stem cells |
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| Institution: | 1. Ovarian Biology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, 3168, Australia;2. Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright St, Clayton, Australia;1. Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;2. Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;3. Sir Peter MacCallum Dept of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;1. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, 3-20-1 Chuou, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan;2. Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Geriatrics Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 2-15-1 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-0002, Japan;1. Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental & Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;2. Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;3. School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China;4. Department of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China;5. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China |
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| Abstract: | Folliculogenesis describes the process of activating an oocyte-containing primordial follicle from the ovarian reserve and its development to the mature ovulatory stage. This process is highly complex and is controlled by extra- and intra-ovarian signaling events. Oocyte competence and capacity for fertilization to support a viable pregnancy are acquired during folliculogenesis. Cancer and cancer-based therapies can negatively affect this process, compromising fertility. Currently, preservation of fertility in these patients remains limited to surrogacy, oocyte freezing, oocyte donation, or in vitro maturation (IVM). Recent reports of stem cells being used to produce fully competent oocytes and subsequently healthy offspring in mice have opened up a novel avenue for fertility preservation. However, translating these findings into human health first relies on enhancing our understanding of follicle growth and mimicking its intricacies in vitro. Indeed, the future of oocytes from stem cells in humans comes with many possibilities but currently faces several technical and ethical obstacles. |
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| Keywords: | Oocytes Folliculogenesis Fertility Stem cells Cancer Chemotherapy |
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