Synthesis of researcher reported strategies to recruit adults of ethnic minorities to clinical trials in the United Kingdom: A systematic review |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Yale School of Nursing, 400 West Campus Drive, Orange, CT 06457;2. Indiana University School of Nursing, 1033 E. Third Street, Bloomington, IN 47405;3. University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104;4. Center for Weight and Eating Disorders at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Mezzanine Philadelphia, PA 19104;5. University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Nursing, 701 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705;6. Indiana University School of Nursing, 600 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202;1. Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;2. Palliative and Advanced Illness Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;3. Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;4. Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;5. Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;6. Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA;7. Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;8. Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;9. Department of Health Care Management, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;10. Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA;11. Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States;12. Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, United States;13. Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;14. Penn Memory Center at the Penn Neuroscience Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA;15. Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundPeople from ethnic minorities are reported to have higher rates of physical illness (diabetes and ischemic heart disease) and mental disorders. Disparities relate not just to diagnosis, but also to care pathways and treatment outcomes. Despite this, they are underrepresented in clinical research. This reduces the generalisability of research findings across multi ethnic populations and hinders the development of accessible services. Researchers often face difficulties in recruiting ethnic minority participants to clinical research due to low levels of cultural competence and limited resources. There are few published trials focusing on ethnic minorities in the UK and we need to understand what recruitment strategies have already been implemented and recommended when recruiting ethnic participants. This will help researchers in applying these lessons to future clinical trials.MethodTo identify strategies for recruiting ethnic minorities to clinical trials in the UK a systematic review of published randomised controlled trials (RCT) exclusively targeting ethnic minorities was conducted. Multiple databases were searched by combining the terms “ethnic minorities”, “randomised controlled trials” and “United Kingdom”. Data was extracted on recruitment strategies described by each RCT and then themes were created.ResultsTwenty-one included RCT's identified various strategies to recruit ethnic communities to clinical trials. These have been described under three overarching themes; adaptation of screening and outcome measures, culturally specific recruitment training and recruitment processes.ConclusionThe review highlighted that researchers employed limited strategies to enhance the recruitment level. The full extent of the use of strategies was not described well in the publications. There is a need for wider training and support for the trialist to enhance and build up recruitment skills to facilitate the recruitment of ethnic minorities to clinical trials. |
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