双胞胎早产儿视网膜病变发生率及其相关因素分析

目的探讨并分析双胞胎早产儿视网膜痛变（retinopathy of prematurity，ROP）的相关因素。方法对2003年12月至2004年8月在本院就诊的30对双胞胎早产儿（60眼）从出生后4周开始做眼部检查。记录出生体重、性别、给氧、伴随疾病（新生儿窒息、肺透明膜病、心室内出血、动脉导管未闭）等对资料完整的患儿做相关性分析。结果在30对双胞胎早产儿中较低体重早产儿ROP的发生率为25％．较高体重早产儿的发生率为18．3％；Logistic回归分析表明双胞胎早产儿ROP发病率与给氧具有相关性（P〈0．05）；双胞胎中高体重与低体重患儿的ROP发生率差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。双胞胎中有并发症的高体重与低体重患儿的ROP发生率差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。双胞胎中无并发症的高体重与低体重患儿的早产儿视网膜病变发生率差异无显著性（P〉0．05），双胞胎中有吸氧史的高体重与低体重患儿的早产儿视网膜病变发生率差异无显著性（P〉0．05），双胞胎中无吸氧史的高体重与低体重患儿的早产儿视网膜病变发生率差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论①双胞胎早产儿视网膜病变发生率与其是否是双胞胎无关,与有无并发症无关，而与其是早产儿有关。②吸氧是双胞胎早产儿视网膜病变的危险因素。

The incidence and relevant factors analysis of retinopathy of prematurity among the twins premature infants

Objective To analyse the incidence and relevant factors of ROP （retinopathy of prematufity,ROP） of the twins premature infants. Methods From December 2003 to August 2004, 30 twins premature infants bomed in the second hospital afflicated to Wen Zhou Medical College were enrolled and underwent ophthalmologic examinations; the birth weight, sex, oxygen usage and the accompaniment diseases were record. The complete perinatal variables were analyzed to evaluate their correlation. Results In 30 pairs twins permture infants, the incidence of the relatively lower infants was 25%, the incidence of the relatively higher infants was 18.3%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that oxygen usage was associated with the incidence of ROP. There was no significant difference in incidence between the relatively higher infants groups and the relatively lower groups （P〉0.05）, there was no significant difference in incidence between the relatively higher infants groups and the relatively lower groups whether they had accompaniment diseases and oxygen usage or not （P〉0.05）. Conclusion （1）Twins gestation adds no risk beyond due to premturity. （2）Oxygen usage is the important risk factor in the development of ROP of the twins gestation.