46例声带麻痹患者的病因分析与随访

目的加强对导致声带麻痹喉外病变的认识，使相关疾病得以早期诊断治疗。方法回顾性分析因声音嘶哑就诊于耳鼻喉科，纤维喉镜检查发现声带麻痹，无喉部新生物的患者46例，拍胸部正侧位片，食道钡餐透视，喉部CT扫描。无阳性发现病例观察随访。结果46例患者中喉外肿瘤28例，随访过程中发现喉外肿瘤8例，发现率78．26％（36／46）。结论单纯声带麻痹声音嘶哑的患者，高度警惕喉外肿瘤的可能性，胸部正侧位片，食道钡餐透视，喉部凹扫描，作为常规检查项目，有助于喉外肿瘤的早期发现。首次检查无阳性发现者，正规随访是十分重要的。

Causes and follow-up of patients with hoarseness caused by diseases from larynxs

Objective To improve knowledge about the diseases from the larynx which cause paralysis of laryngeal nerves so that the diseases could be diagnosed and treated early. Methods 46 cases of hoarseness were tested by a fibrolaryngoscope and CT scan of the larynx. There were no visible diseases in their larynxes except for vocal fold paralysis, and the following test included X-ray picture of the chest and esophageal barium meal perspective. The cases when no diseases were found were followed up each month. Results 28 cases had been diagnosed as having tuners from larynxes when they visited doctors the fwst time, and 8 were diagnosed during their following-up period. The positive rate was 78.26% （36146）. Conclusion If patients with hoarseness had only a sign of laryngeal nerve paralysis, in the other words, there were no visible diseases in their larynxes, the tumors from the larynxes should be considered, and a CT scan of the larynx, X-ray picture of the chest and esophageal barium meal perspective should be used as routine tests. It is very important to follow up on cases when no diseases were found when they finished all of the above tests.