涡阳县常见恶性肿瘤死亡率分析

目的]了解安徽省涡阳县恶性肿瘤死亡状况及趋势,为制订本地区肿瘤防治策略提供依据.方法]采用流行病学回顾性调查法,由各村医生收集本村所有死亡病例上报,设计调查表入户调查;计算恶性肿瘤死亡率;用Cox-Stuart法分析其死亡趋势.结果]1992年～2001年安徽省涡阳县的恶性肿瘤死亡率呈总体上升趋势(P＜0.05),粗死亡率从81.78/10万(标化率为78.35/10万)上升至150.93/10万(标化率为143.23/10万),居死因首位.女性恶性肿瘤死亡率增长速度高于男性.男性恶性肿瘤死亡居前6位的分别是胃癌、肝癌、肺癌、食管癌、肠癌、白血病.其中白血病增速最快,其他依次为肠癌、胃癌、肺癌、肝癌;食管癌死亡率呈下降趋势,但未见显著性(P＞0.05).女性恶性肿瘤死亡居前6位的分别为胃癌、肺癌、食管癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌.其中肝癌增速最快,其他依次为宫颈癌、肺癌、乳腺癌.食管癌死亡率呈下降趋势.胃癌死亡率呈下降趋势,但无显著性(P＞0.05).结论]安徽省涡阳县1992年～2001年恶性肿瘤死亡呈总体上升趋势,胃癌、肺癌、白血病、肝癌、肠癌、女性乳腺癌、宫颈癌为防治的重点.

An Analysis on Mortality of Common Malignancies in Guoyang County

The current status and its variation trend of mortality rate of common malignancies in Guoyang county were investigated in order to establish preventive strategies for malignancies.Epidemiological retrospective survey and Cox-stuart's test were used to collect and analyze the data.The mortality rate of common malignancies in Guoyang county increased during the period of 1992 to 2001(P<0.05).The crude mortality rate was increased from 81.78 per 100 000(adjusted mortality rate 78.35 per 100 000) in 1992 to 150.93 per 100 000 (adjusted mortality rate 143.23 per 100 000) in 2001, with malignant tumor being the leading death cause. The mortality rate in female increased faster than that in male.The six leading malignancies of male in order were stomach cancer, hepatocarcinoma, lung cancer, esophageal carcinoma,bowel cancer and leukemia.Among them,the mortality with leukemia increasing ranked the rapidest.The mortality with esophageal carcinoma showed a slight decrease in males, but no significant difference was found(P>0.05).The six leading malignancies of female in order were stomach cancer,lung cancer,esophageal carcinoma,breast cancer,and cervix cancer.Among them the mortality rate with hepatocarcinoma increasing ranked the rapidest.The mortality with esophageal carcinoma and stomach cancer showed decreasing trend(P>0.05).Conclusion]The mortality of common malignancies in Guoyang county presents the overall increasing trend during 1992~2001.The prevention and treatment should focus on stomach cancer, lung cancer, leukemia, hepatocarcinoma, bowel cancer,breast cancer and cervix cancer.