老年患者1000例超声心动图分析

目的 了解老年人常见心血管基础病因以及导致的心脏结构与功能的改变。方法 对1000例老年人行超声心动图检查，按年龄、病因分组，分别测量左房内径（LAD）、短轴缩短率（FS%）、室间隔厚度（IVST）、左室后壁厚度（PWT）、右室舒张末左右径（RVDd)、右室收缩末左右径（RAD）、舒张早期最大流速/心房收缩期最大流速（E/A）。结果 患者主要集中在60～69岁、70～79岁2个年龄组，病因主要集中在冠心病（39.3%）、高血压病（18.5%）。LAD、E/A，在60～69岁、80岁以上年龄组差异显著，冠心病、高血压病组LAD均明显高于对照组，高血压病组的IVST、PWT明显增高，E/A在各组均小于1，尤以冠心病，高血压病组为低。结论 年龄及各种心血管疾病可影响心脏结构和功能的改变。

Analysis ofechocardiography of 1000 senile patients

Objective In order to find out common basic cardiovascular pathogenies of the elderly． Methods 1 000 senile patients were examined with echocardiography and grouped by age and pathogeny．The left atrium diameter（LAD），fraction shortening（FS％），interventricular septum thickness（IVST），left ventricular posterior wall thickness（PWT），right ventricular end diastolic diameter（RVDd），right atrium diameter（RAD），and E velocity／A velocity were measured． Results Most senile patients gathered in the age groups at 60～69 and 70～79，coronary artery disease（39.3％）and essential hypertension（18.5％）were the common pathogenies．LAD and E／A presented significant difference in the age groups of 60～69 and over 80 years．LAD of both coronary artery disease and hypertension were greater than the control group．IVST and PWT of hypertension increased significantly．E／A is less than 1 in all age groups，especially in patients with coronary artery disease and hypertension． Conclusions The cardiac structure and function are changed both with age and severity of cardiovascular diseases．