咯血患者的食管固有动脉造影表现和栓塞治疗

目的 观察咯血患者的食管固有动脉(PEA)血管造影表现,分析出现异常PEA的高危因素,评价明胶海绵(GS)栓塞PEA的安全性.方法 对接受动脉栓塞治疗的43例咯血患者行选择性PEA造影术,包括肺结核15例,单纯性支气管扩张18例,结核性支气管扩张7例,支气管肺癌3例.1例1次支气管动脉栓塞术后无效.对发现异常的PEA行GS经导管内栓塞.观察选择性PEA插管的结果,分析PEA的血管造影表现.经导管补充栓塞PEA的所有患者,随访观察术中、术后的不良反应、并发症以及临床治疗效果.结果 PEA选择性插管成功37例(86.0%),共发现39支PEA.PEA表现异常17例(45.9%),血管18支(46.2%),主要表现为主干增粗、迂曲,分支增多、紊乱并进入相邻下肺组织,PEA与肺动脉分流11例,4例PEA发出1支下肺支气管动脉并与正常起源的支气管动脉异常交通2例.PEA表现异常患者中,病灶均累及肺下叶基底段,其中基础疾病以单纯性支气管扩张最多.所有患者栓塞术后均无严重并发症,临床疗效满意.结论 PEA可参与咯血的供血,当肺内病灶累及下叶基底段时,有必要行选择性PEA造影.异常的PEA应用GS经导管补充栓塞是必要和安全的.

Angiographic manifestation and transcatheter arterial embolization of proper esophageal artery in hemoptysis

Objective To investigate the angiographic manifestation of the proper esophageal artery (PEA),the hish risk factom for the presence of the anomalous PEA in hemoptysis and to evaluate the safety of transcatheter aaefial embolization(TAE) of the PEA using gelatin sponge(GS).Methods Selective esophageal arteriography WSS performed in forty-three patients with hemoptysis,including 15 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis,18 cases of bmnchiectasis,7 cases of posttuberculous bronchiectasis and three cases of lung cancer. One case experienced failure of bronchial arterial embolization. The angiographic manifestation of the PEAs Was studied.The complications of the procedure and clinical results were observed in the patients who underwent TAE using GS.Results Thirty-nine PEAs were catheterized selectively in 37 patients(86.0%).Eighteen anomalous PEAs(46.2%)were catheterized selectively in 17 patients (45.9%).The anomalous PEAs showed tortuosity,dilatation,hyperplasia,shunting with pulmonary artery and anastomosis with the bronchial artery.All lesions involved basal segment of inferior pulmonary lobar. Bronchiectasis Was the most frequent disease for PEA abnormality. No complications occurred and satisfactory curative effect Was achieved with TAE of the anomalous PEAs.Conclusions It is necessary to perform selective proper esophageal arteriography when the lesion involves basal segment of inferior pulmonary lobar in hemoptysis.Supplemental TAE of the anomalous PEA using GS is safe and valuable in the management of hemoptysis.