军队干休所老年期痴呆及其主要亚型的患病率调查

背景对一个地区固定范围内的老年期痴呆及其亚型患病率进行调查,十分有利于老年期痴呆的预防和康复措施的介入.目的了解军队老年人老年期痴呆及其主要亚型的患病率和流行特征.设计以诊断为依据的横断面调查研究.地点、对象和方法采用中文版简明精神状态量表、总体衰退量表及哈金斯基缺血指数等量表为筛查工具,在2002-08对石家庄市29个部队休干所的2674名65岁及以上的离退休干部进行痴呆筛查.主要观察指标阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer'sdisease,AD)和血管性痴呆(Vascular dementia,VD)及其他类型老年期痴呆的患病率以及其在不同的年龄和文化程度人群中的分布情况.结果老年期痴呆的患病率为5.83%,其中男性标化患病率为6.06%,女性标化患病率为5.00%,差异无显著性意义(x2=0.97,P＞0.05);AD患病率为3.29%,VD则为1.83%.AD的平均发病年龄为77.4岁,VD的平均发病年龄为74.1岁.AD和VD的年龄组别患病率均随年龄而升高,AD患病率上升迅速,年龄每增加5岁,患病率约增高1倍;VD患病率则上升相对缓慢而较低.无论AD,VD或所有类型痴呆与受教育程度的关系均未显示规律性变化(趋势x2=1.02,P＞0.05).结论军队干休所老年人AD比VD发病年龄晚且患病率上升迅速,AD,VD及其他类型痴呆与受教育程度的关系均未显示规律性变化.

Prevalence of dementiaand its major subtypes in elderly veterans

BACKGROUND: Investigating the prevalence rate and major subtypes of dementia in elderly veterans in a certain region is very propitious in preventing dementia in old age and carrying out rehabilitation interventions.OBJECTIVE: To explore the prevalence rate and characteristics of dementia and its major subtypes in elderly veterans.DESIGN: A cross-sectional study based on diagnosis.SETTING, PARTICIPANTS and METHODS: A total of 2674 veterans(aged 65 years and over) from 29 military sanatoriums in Shijiazhuang City were studied. The Mini-Mental State Examination, Global Deterioration Scale, Activity of Daily Living, Hachinski Ischemic Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale of Chinese version served as screening tools.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The prevalence of dementia and major subtypes including Alzheimer' s disease(AD) and vascular dementia(VD)and their distribution in various ages and educational levels.RESULTS: The prevalence of total dementia in the individuals aged 65 years and over was 5.83%. The age-standardized prevalence of dementia was 6.06% in males and 5.00% in females without significant difference(x2 =0.97, P ＞ 0.05). The prevalence was 3.29% for AD and 1.83% for VD,respectively. The mean age of developing AD was 77.4 years and that of developing VD was 74. 1 years. The increase in AD prevalence doubled every 5 years with age while the increase in VD prevalence was slower and lower. Either for AD or for VD, there were no significant relationships between age-standardized prevalence rate and educational levels (tendencyX2 = 1.02,P＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The mean age of suffering from AD is higher than that of VD, and the prevalence of AD increases rapidly with age. Either for AD or for VD, there are no significant relationships between age-standardized prevalence rate and educational level.