广西部分野生动物SARS病毒朔原的初步研究

目的:研究SARS病毒可能的动物来源及其与缩主的关系,为SARS的预防与控制策略提供科学依据.方法:用新型冠状病毒核酸扩增(Real-time PCR)荧光法检测人工饲养野生动物99只咽拭、肛拭和组织标本的SARS病毒基因,用ELISA法检测野外捕获的野生动物117只血样标本SARS冠状病毒总抗体.结果:人工饲养动物SARS病毒基因全部阴性,自然来源的野生动物SARS冠状病毒总抗体阳性率5.12%,鸟纲阳性率22%,爬行纲阳性率20%.结论:SARS病毒并非来源于人工饲养的野生动物,而是来源于自然界野生动物,其中蛇、鹰、蛤蚧、鳖最为可能.老鼠可能是SARS病毒的最原始宿主,通过蛇、鹰、蛤蚧、鳖对鼠猎食而感染、携带并富集,然后经宰杀而传染人类.禁止捕猎贩运和宰杀野生动物和控制鼠类媒介是防范SARS的发生和控制扑灭SARS疫情的首要措施.

PRIMARY RESULT OF SARS VIRUS INVESTIGATION AND DETECTION IN WILD ANIMAL IN GUANGXI

Objective:To determine wild animals carrying SARS Virus Pathogen so as to provide scientific evidence for SARS control and prevention.Methods:Detecting SARS virus gene in the tissue and anus smear and pharyngeal smear with Real-time PCR, and detecting SARS-Co virus antibody with ELISA.Result:No positive result from the tissue sample of the domestic farming animal, and the anti-SARS-Co positive rate is 5.12% in the original wild animal, and especially high in bird (22%) and reptile( 20%).Conclusion:SARS virus originally comes from natural wild animals, most probably from snakes, eagles and tortoises. Rats could probably be the SARS virus primary hosts. Snakes, eagles and tortoises get infected and then accumulate the viruses through food chain while hunting and eating rats as food. Therefore, prohibiting hunting, selling and killing wild animals and rat control should be the priority strategy for SARS control and prevention.