阴道超声观察早期胚胎结构

应用高频率探头经阴道对158例孕4～13周未的胚胎结构进行观察。它们的声像表现自孕4周起依次出现胚囊、卵黄囊、胚胎及其心管搏动．单脑泡、大脑镰和中肠疝。孕4周出现胚囊，在孕6周以后，出现胚芽并见有节律的心管搏动。孕7周可分辨出胎头胎体，胎头内可见单脑泡。孕8周胎儿初具人形。孕9周单脑泡消失的同时出现大脑镰及胚胎腹前壁出现中肠疝。孕10周中肠疝逐渐消退，孕11周以后不复出现。根据这六个结构的声像表现和胎儿头臀长的测量可确定早早孕和胎龄外，尚能判断胚胎发育状况，及早发现畸形。因此，此项检查方法对提高围产医学中监护胎儿生长发育，保证优生具有重大实用意义．

The Observation of Embryonic Structures in Early with Transvaginal Ultrasound.

158 cases of normal and dated gestation from 4 to 13 weeks were examined with transvaginal ultrasound scanner. The sequential appearance of six structures were found: (1) the gestation sac was only present week 4,(2) the yolk sac appear in week 5, (3) the fetal pole with detectable heart motion was first seen in week 6, (4) the single unpartitional ventricle in the brain marked week 7, (5) the falx cerebri and physiology midgut appeared week 9, and (6) the disappearance of physiology midgut in week 10 and week 11. Only few cases (14%) had lasting midgut until week 14. The observation is valuable in determination of correct gestation age and in detection of developmental defects of embryofetus in early pregnancy.