Recruitment of participants through community pharmacies for a pharmacogenetic study of antihypertensive drug treatment |
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Authors: | Diane B M A van Wieren-de Wijer Anke-Hilse Maitland-van der Zee Anthonius de Boer Bruno H Ch Stricker Abraham A Kroon Peter W de Leeuw O Bozkurt and Olaf H Klungel |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Pharmacoepidemiology &; Pharmacotherapy, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), University of Utrecht, P.O. Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands;(2) Department of Epidemiology &; Biostatistics, Pharmaco-epidemiology Unit, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;(3) Department of Internal Medicine Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands;(4) Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; |
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Abstract: | Objective To describe the design, recruitment and baseline characteristics of participants in a community pharmacy based pharmacogenetic
study of antihypertensive drug treatment. Setting: Participants enrolled from the population-based Pharmaco-Morbidity Record Linkage System. Method We designed a nested case-control study in which we will assess whether specific genetic polymorphisms modify the effect
of antihypertensive drugs on the risk of myocardial infarction. In this study, cases (myocardial infarction) and controls
were recruited through community pharmacies that participate in PHARMO. The PHARMO database comprises drug dispensing histories
of about 2,000,000 subjects from a representative sample of Dutch community pharmacies linked to the national registrations
of hospital discharges. Results In total we selected 31010 patients (2777 cases and 28233 controls) from the PHARMO database, of whom 15973 (1871 cases,
14102 controls) were approached through their community pharmacy. Overall response rate was 36.3% (n = 5791, 794 cases, 4997 controls), whereas 32.1% (n = 5126, 701 cases, 4425 controls) gave informed consent to genotype their DNA. As expected, several cardiovascular risk factors
such as smoking, body mass index, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus were more common in cases than in controls. Conclusion Furthermore, cases more often used beta-blockers and calcium-antagonists, whereas controls more often used thiazide diuretics,
ACE-inhibitors, and angiotensin-II receptor blockers. We have demonstrated that it is feasible to select patients from a coded
database for a pharmacogenetic study and to approach them through community pharmacies, achieving reasonable response rates
and without violating privacy rules. |
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Keywords: | Community pharmacy Hypertension Patient recruitment Pharmacogenetics Netherlands |
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