Urinary excretion of mutagens in smokers of cigarettes with various tar and nicotine yields, black tobacco, and cigars |
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| Authors: | E Mohtashamipur K Norpoth F Lieder |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;2. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA;3. Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;4. The NHLBI’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA;5. Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;6. Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA;7. Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;1. Lung Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5PT, UK;2. Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden/Institute of Cancer Research, Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5PT, UK;1. Pridarshini Indira Gandhi College of Engineering, Nagpur - 440019, India;2. Priyadarshini College of Engineering, Nagpur - 440019, India;3. Institute of Science, Nagpur – 440001, India;4. S.M.Mohota College of Science, Nagpur – 440009, India |
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| Abstract: | Frameshift mutagens were isolated and concentrated from smokers' urine employing a method recently described. Urine concentrates of the habitual smokers and non-smokers who smoked cigarettes with low-, medium-, and high tar/nicotine yields, RCN (Reduced Condensate and Nicotine; artificial cigarettes containing cotobacco materials), black tobacco, and cigars were tested for mutagenicity in the Salmonella/mammalian microsome assay using Salmonella typhimurium TA98. Non-smokers who smoked 5 and habitual smokers who smoked 10 cigarettes of various tar and nicotine yields excreted more mutagens in urine with low-tar cigarettes than with medium- or high-tar cigarettes. Consuming more than 10 cigarettes a day resulted in a higher urinary excretion of mutagens with medium-tar cigarettes than with high-tar cigarettes. Smoking 5 RCN cigarettes a day by habitual smokers resulted in a higher urinary excretion of mutagens than smoking 5 commercial brand of cigarettes. In contrast, smoking 10 RCN cigarettes resulted in a lower urinary excretion of mutagens than smoking 10 commercial brand of cigarettes. The highest mutagenic activity was found with the urine of a habitual black tobacco smoker. Smoking cigars by non-smokers resulted in a very weak mutagenic activity of urine. |
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