首发精神分裂症执行功能异常的心理生理机制

目的探讨首发精神分裂症患者大脑执行功能的缺陷机制。方法采用病例对照研究，选取年龄、性别、文化程度等匹配的精神分裂症患者组和对照组各30例。被试接受Go／Nogo测验，同时记录事件相关脑电位N2、P3的波幅和潜伏期及行为学数据。结果精神分裂症组Nogo反应错误数（12±9）高于对照组（8±5），Go反应时（372±79）Ins明显长于对照组（320±63）ms，差异均有统计学意义（f分别为2．13，2．81；P〈0．05）；重复测量方差分析，发现组别的主效应（F1,58=7．13，P〈0．01）以及组别与组块之间的交互效应（F1,58=6．14，P〈0．05）均有统计学意义；精神分裂症组Fz电极Nogo-N2波幅（6．64±3．29）／LV比对照组（9．45±6．71）μV降低，Nogo-P3波幅（7．93±6．81）μV也比对照组下降（10．69±5．24）μV，差异均有统计学意义（t分别为2．06，2．89；P〈0．05）。Nogo-P3波幅在组别与组块之间的交互效应有统计学意义（F1,58=5．28，P〈0．05）。结论首发精神分裂症患者存在执行功能缺陷，反应时及Nogo-N2、P3可能可作为精神分裂症早期诊断指标。

Psychological and physiological mechanism on executive function in first-episode schizophrenic

Objective To explore the mechanism on the executive function in first-episode schizophrenic. Methods In the case-control study, 30 cases of first-episode schizophrenic and 30 cases of healthy controls were tested in the brain ERP system when making Go/Nogo tasks. Behavioral data, the amplitude and latency of NogoN2 and NogoP3 were recorded. Results The number of responding on No- go from schizophrenic group（12±9）was higher than that from control group （8± 5）, patients with schizophrenia had significantly longer Go RTs （372±79）ms when compared to the control group（320 ± 63） ms, the differences had the statistical significance （t = 2.13,2.81;P 〈 0.05）. There was a signifi- cant main effect for group and interaction between group （F1,~8 ~ 7.13,P ~ 0.01） and block （F1,58 = 6.14,P 〈 0.05） on RT. The amplitude of Nogo-N2 and Nogo-P3 decreased when compared to the control group, the differences had the statistical significance （t=2.06,2.89;P 〈 0.05）. There was interaction between group and block on the amplitude of Nogo-P3, which had the statistical significance （F1,58 = 5.28,P〈 0.05）. Conclusions This study suggests there is a possibility of using RT and amplitude of Nogo-N2 and Nogo-P3 as early diadynamic criteria.