未通过听力筛查的重症监护病房新生儿听性脑干反应特点分析

目的 探讨重症监护病房未通过听力筛查的新生儿听性脑干反应的特点.方法 选择2014年3月至2015年5 月单耳或双耳未通过自动判别听性脑干反应(AABR)或畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)筛查的NICU新生儿(NICU组,425例)及门诊无围生期疾病健康新生儿(健康组,833例)进行听性脑干反应检测.结果 Ⅴ波反应阈大于或等于30 dB者健康组301例(36.1%),NICU组211例(49.6%),NICU新生儿ABR听力异常率明显高于健康新生儿(P<0.05).健康组ABR平均阈值为(19.76±6.59)dB,NICU组ABR平均阈值为(41.52±20.35)dB,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05). NICU组双耳Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波潜伏期及Ⅰ~Ⅴ波间期明显较健康组延长(P<0.05).结论 NICU 新生儿听力损失程度高于健康新生儿,ABR的异常反映了听觉传导通路异常.

The analysis of ABR about newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit after failing hearing screening

Objective To investigate the auditory brainstem response (ABR) of newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) after hear screening failure.Methods To test ABR of 833 healthy newborns with no perinatal diseases at the clinic,and 425 newborns born in NICU who failed the hearing screening of monaural or both-ear from March 2014 to May 2015.Results 49.6% of children′s wave V response thresholds were ≥30 dB in the NICU group and 36.1% children′s wave V response thresholds were ≥30 dB in healthy group.The hearing abnormality rate of the NICU group was significantly higher than that of the healthy group(P<0.05);The average auditory thresholds healthy of the group[(19.76±6.59)dB] was significantly lower than those of the NICU group[(41.52±20.35)dB](P<0.05);both ear latency for waves Ⅰ,Ⅲ and Ⅴ and interpeak latency for waves Ⅰ-Ⅴ in healthy group were significantly shorter than those in NICU group (P<0.05).Conclusion The hearing loss extent of the NICU group is greater than that of the healthy group.The ABR abnormality reflects auditory pathway is abnormal.