口服低剂量混合稀土“常乐”对糖尿病大鼠肾脏损伤的修复作用

目的：通过探讨口服低剂量混合稀土“常乐”对糖尿病大鼠肾脏形态结构的影响，阐明其对糖尿病大鼠肾脏损伤的修复作用。方法：Wistar雄性大鼠制备糖尿病大鼠模型，造模成功的大鼠分为糖尿病模型组（10只）和“常乐”给药组（10只），另取10只正常大鼠作为对照组，3组大鼠分别每日给予生理盐水、“常乐”（0.2 mg?kg-1）灌胃1个月，处死取肾脏，采用形态计量技术检测各组大鼠肾脏的质量、体质量、肾质量与体质量比、肾皮质厚度、肾小球体密度、肾小球总体积、近（远）端小管总体积、近（远）端小管上皮细胞高度、近（远）端小管管腔直径及肾脏的形态学。结果：与对照组和“常乐”给药组比较，糖尿病模型组肾脏质量明显增加（P<0.01）、体质量明显减轻（P<0.01）、肾质量与体质量比明显升高（P<0.01）、肾小球总体积明显增大（P<0.01）、近（远）端小管总体积明显增大（P<0.01）、近端小管上皮细胞高度明显增高（P<0.01）、近（远）端小管管腔直径明显增大（P<0.01）、肾皮质厚度和肾小球体积及远端小管上皮细胞高度无变化（P>0.05）；与对照组比较，“常乐”给药组大鼠肾脏的质量、肾皮质厚度、肾小球体密度、肾小球总体积、近端小管总体积、近（远）端小管上皮细胞高度、近（远）端小管管腔直径均无明显变化（P>0.05），体质量明显减轻（P<0.01），肾质量与体质量比明显增加（P<0.01），远端小管总体积明显增加（P<0.01）。HE染色，对照组大鼠肾脏未见异常；糖尿病模型组大鼠肾脏肿胀，见大量炎细胞浸润。PAS染色，糖尿病模型组大鼠大部分近端小管上皮细胞明显肿胀，含PAS阳性物质增多，有少数近端小管可见上皮细胞脱落和管腔扩张，远端小管部分扩张，但上皮细胞无明显改变；“常乐”给药组大鼠近端小管上皮细胞略微肿胀，少量PAS阳性物质，无近端小管上皮细胞脱落和管腔扩张及远端小管扩张。结论：口服低剂量混合稀土“常乐”对糖尿病大鼠肾脏损伤具有修复作用。

Repair of oral low dose of mixed rare earth Changle on structure of kidney of diabetic rats

Objective To expiore the influence of oral low dose of mixed rare earth Changle in the morphological structure of the kidney of diabetic rats,and clarify its repair on kidney structure damage of diabetic rats.Methods Male Wistar rats were treated with STZ to set up diabetes mellitus models and then divided into diabetic model group and Changle treatment group(n=10),the other 10 nomal rats were used as control group,the rats in three groups were given daily saline,Changle(0.2 mg·kg-1),and daily saline,orally one month,then they were executed and the kidney was obtained.The kidney morphometry was used to detect the changes of rat kidney weight,body weight,kidney weight to body weight ratio,renal cortical thickness,glomerular volume density,total glomerular volume,near(far) end of the total volume,near(far) end of the tubular epithelial cell height,near(far) end of tube cavity diameter and the morphological changes of kidney.Results Compared with control group and Changle treatment group,in diabetic model group,the kidney weight was increased significantly(P<0.01),the body weight was markedly decreased(P<0.01),the kidney weight to body weight ratio was significantly increased(P<0.01);the total glomerular volume,near(far) end of a small tube volume,proximal tubule epithelial cell height,near(far) end of the small tube cavity diameter were significantly increased(all P<0.01);the kidney cortical thickness,glomerular volume and diatal tubule epithelial cells had no significant change(P>0.05).Compared with control group,in Changle treatment group the kidney weight,renal cortical thickness and glomerular volume density,glomerular total volume,total vovlume of proximal tubule,near(far) end of the tubular epithelial cell height,near(far) end of tube cavity diameter had no significant difference(P>0.05),but the body weight was significantly reduced(P<0.01),and the kidney weight to body weight ratio,near(far) end of a small tube,and total volume were significantly increased(P<0.01).The HE staining results showed that the kidneys in control and Changle treatment groups were normal,the rat kidney in diabetic model group was swollen;the PAS staining results showed that in diabetic model group most of the proximal tubular epithelial cells were markedly swollen,containing increased PAS positive material,a small number of proximal tubules showed the shedding of epithelial cells,lumen expansion and part of expansion of the distal tubule;however there were no significant changes in epithelial cells;in normal control group and Changle treatment group there were no the changes mentioned above.Conclusion Oral low dose of mixed rare earth Changle can repair structure damage of the kidney of the diabetic rats.