A recombinant adenovirus expressing immunodominant TB antigens can significantly enhance BCG-induced human immunity |
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Authors: | Hoft Daniel F Blazevic Azra Stanley Jaime Landry Bernard Sizemore Donata Kpamegan Eloi Gearhart Jacqueline Scott Alison Kik Sandra Pau Maria G Goudsmit Jaap McClain J Bruce Sadoff Jerald |
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Institution: | Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy & Immunology, Departments of Internal Medicine & Molecular Microbiology, Saint Louis University Medical Center & Center for Vaccine Development, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA. hoftdf@slu.edu |
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Abstract: | BackgroundDespite the availability of Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccines, Mycobacterium tuberculosis currently infects billions of people and millions die annually from tuberculosis (TB) disease. New TB vaccines are urgently needed.MethodsWe studied the ability of AERAS-402, a recombinant, replication-deficient adenovirus type 35 expressing the protective M. tuberculosis antigens Ag85A, Ag85B, and TB10.4, to boost BCG immunity in an area of low TB endemicity.ResultsIn volunteers primed with BCG 3 or 6 months prior to AERAS-402 boosting, significant CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were induced. Ag85-specific responses were more strongly boosted than TB10.4-specific responses. Frequencies of TB-specific CD8+ T cells reached > 50 fold higher than pre-AERAS boosting levels, remarkably higher than reported in any previous human TB vaccine trial. Multiparameter flow cytometric assays demonstrated that AERAS-402-boosted CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were multifunctional, producing multiple cytokines and other immune effector molecules. Furthermore, boosted T cells displayed lymphoproliferative capacity, and tetramer analyses confirmed that antigen-specific CD8+ T cells were induced. BCG and AERAS-402 vaccinations given 3 and 6 months apart appeared equivalent.ConclusionsOur results indicate that AERAS-402 is a promising TB vaccine candidate that can significantly enhance both CD4+ and CD8+ TB-specific T cell responses after BCG priming.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01378312. |
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Keywords: | TB vaccines Human immunity Prime boosting strategies |
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