正交试验法研究水提与醇提对大黄蒽醌提取率的影响

考察以水和乙醇为溶剂对大黄蒽醌提取率的影响。方法：分别采用正交试验考察浸泡时间／乙醇浓度、提取时间、提取次数及溶剂量等因素对大黄总蒽醌、结合蒽醌和还原型蒽醌提取率的影响。结果：2种溶剂对大黄原配提取率的影响因素不尽相同，以水为溶剂，煎煮次数对总蒽醌具有显著性影响(P＜0．05)，浸泡时间及煎煮次数对结合原配有一定影响；以乙醇为溶剂，煎煮次数对总蒽醌有一定影响(0．05＜P＜0．1)，而乙醇浓度及煎煮时间对还原型蒽醌有显著性影响(P＜0．05)，加醇量有一定影响(0．05＜P＜0．1)。结论：水提组与醇提组比较，醇提组对3种蒽醌的提取效果明显优于水提组，醇提组中，以80％乙醇为优，且煎煮时间均不宜过长，控制在1h左右为宜。

Orthogonal test for effect of water and alcohol extracting process to anthraquinone content in Rhubarb

Objective: To study the effect of water extracting and alcohol extracting process to anthraquinone content in Rhubarb. Methods: Choosing water and different concentration of alcohol as the solvent, the effect of permeating time, the extracting time, the degree of extracting, the amount of solvent and concentration of alcohol to total, conjugated, and deoxidized anthraquinone content were determined by orthogonal test. Results: Using water as the solvent, the degree of extracting is the significant factors to total anthraquinore with ( P < 0.05 ) while permeating time and the degree of extracting are effective factors to conjugated anthraquinone ( 0.05 < P <0.1). Using alcohol as the solvent, the degree of extracting is the effective factor to total anthraquinone. While concentration of alcohol and the time of extracting are significant factors ( P <0.05) and the amount of alcohol is an effective factor to deoxidized anthraquinone. Conclusion: Comparing with water, alcohol is a better solvent to extract anthraquinone, especially 80% of alcohol with 1h of extracting time.