450例住院儿童药物不良反应报告分析

目的：探讨住院儿童药物不良反应的临床特点,指导临床合理用药。方法：收集我院2009-2012年临床报告的住院儿童药物不良反应（ADR）450例,统计分析患儿性别、年龄、相关药物、给药途径、ADR主要的临床表现等情况。结果：450例ADR患儿中,男235例（52.2%）,女215例（47.8%）,≤3岁318例（70.7%）;以抗微生物药（289/450,64.2%）、中药制剂（58/450,12.9%）所致ADR居多;静脉滴注给药（349/450,77.6%）最易引起ADR;多发生在给药后1 h内（281/450,62.4%）;ADR临床表现以皮肤及其附件损害为主（356/450,79.1%）。结论：临床应重视儿童ADR发生的相关因素,合理用药,尽量避免多重用药,以防止ADR发生。

Analysis of 450 Cases with Adverse Drug Reactions in Hospitalized Children

Objective： To study the clinical characteristics of adverse drug reactions in children, and to guide the clinical rational use of drug. Methods： Four hundreds and fifty cases of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized children were collected, and clinical data were analyzed. Results： There were more adverse drug reactions in the children under 3 years old （318/450, 70.7% ）; adverse drug reactions were mostly caused by anti-microbial agents （289/450, 64.2% ） and traditional Chinese medicines （58/450, 12.9% ） ; vein administration （349/450, 77.6% ） caused more drug adverse reactions; there were more adverse drug reactions occurred within 1 hour after administration （281/450, 62.4% ） ; the most common clinical manifestation of adverse drug reactions was the damage of skin and its appendages （356/450, 79.1% ）. Conclusions： It should be paid more attention to the related factors of children＇ s adverse drug reactions. The rational use of drugs and avoiding multiple drugs using as far as possible would prevent the occurrence of adverse drug reactions.