真菌性角膜炎患者的临床特征及病原菌分布

目的：：分析真菌性角膜炎的临床特征及病原菌的分布,为临床诊疗提供依据。方法：回顾性分析2012-01/2015-07在长江大学附属第一医院诊治的98例98眼真菌性角膜炎患者的临床资料。结果：真菌性角膜炎最主要由植物外伤引起,其次是糖皮质激素的应用及隐形眼镜的不当使用。几乎所有患者出现菌丝苔被、伪足、免疫环、卫星灶等体征,少数患者出现内皮斑和前房积脓。真菌性角膜炎的致病菌主要以镰刀菌属为主(73.5％),其次为曲霉属(13.2％)、念珠菌属(9.2％),其他菌属4.1％。65例65眼患者在选择5％那他霉素滴眼液后治愈,15例15眼患者病情明显好转,其余18例18眼患者病情无明显好转,联合伏立康唑后13例13眼病情好转,5例5眼病情继续恶化,最终3例3眼羊膜遮盖,2例2眼眼球摘除。。结论：真菌性角膜炎在荆州地区的主要流行菌种为镰刀菌。那他霉素眼液可作为临床预防和治疗真菌性角膜炎首选药物。临床医师应加强对真菌性角膜炎的了解,以便早期诊断和及时治疗。

Clinical characteristics and distribution of pathogens in fungal keratitis

AIM:To investigate the clinical characteristics and distribution of pathogens in patients with fungal keratitis and to provide evidence for diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

METHODS:The clinical data of 98 cases(98 eyes)with fungal keratitis from January 2012 to July 2015 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTS:The main cause for fungal keratitis was corneal injury by plants. The inappropriate use of contact lenses and glucocorticoids therapy were the next cause. Almost all of the patients had hyphae moss, pseudopodia, immune ring, and satellite signs. A few of patients had endothelial plaque and anterior chamber empyema. The majority pathogens of fungal keratitis was Fusarium spp(73.5%),followed by Aspergillus spp(13.2%),Candida spp(9.2%)and others(4.1%).Sixty-five patients(65 eyes)treated with 5% natamycin were cured. The condition of 15 patients was improved. Eighteen patients were invalid, in which 13 patients became better and 5 patients became worse after voriconazole was added into the therapy, leading to amniotic membrance cover in 3 patients and eyeball removal in 2 patients at last.

CONCLUSION:Fusarium genus is the predominant pathogen for fungal keratitis in Jingzhou. Natamycin can be used as the preferred drug for the prevention and treatment for fungal keratitis. The clinicians should pay attention to the fungal keratitis, in order to early diagnosis and timely treatment.