内皮素-1与眼科主要致盲性疾病的关系

内皮素-1(Endothelin-1,ET-1)是一种含有21个氨基酸的血管活性肽,它是目前被认为的最强的缩血管物质。它不仅具有强大的收缩血管的作用,还可以促进炎症的产生。它除了对心血管、泌尿、呼吸、消化、神经、生殖、内分泌等系统中起作用外,对眼科的各种致盲性疾病起着十分重要的作用,如内皮素-1在眼部中主要分布在脉络膜中,它对白内障的发展、青光眼眼压的升高及视神经的损害有一定联系。内皮素-1对糖尿病性视网膜病变中微血管稳态的维持及病情的诊断有一定作用；在非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变中,它的浓度的高低与病变程度相吻合,对病情的判断和预后评估均有一定的临床意义。随着内皮素-1在这些疾病中的作用机制研究的不断深入,未来眼科相关疾病的预防和治疗将大有裨益。

Relation of Endothelin-1 with ophthalmologic blinding diseases

Endothelin-1(ET-1)is a vasoactive peptide containing 21 amino acids.It is currently considered as the most powerful vasoconstrictor. It not only plays a strong role in the contraction of blood vessels, but also can promote the inflammation. Besides its effects for cardiovascular, urinary, respiratory, digestion, nervous, reproduction, endocrine system, it also plays a very important role in ophthalmologic blinding diseases. For example, ET-1 in eye mainly distributed in the choroid and it has a relation with cataract development, increased intraocular pressure of glaucoma and optic nerve damage. ET- 1 has certain effect on the maintenance of micro vascular homeostasis in diabetic retinopathy(DR)and its diagnosis; in non-arteritis anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, the level of ET-1 concentration is consistent with the severity of the lesion. On condition judgment for diseases and prognosis evaluation, it has certain clinical significance. With the study of the mechanism of ET-1 in these diseases, the prevention and treatment of ophthalmologic diseases will gain great benefit in the future.