不同方式招募的吸毒者高危行为和HIV、HCV及梅毒感染的比较

目的比较不同方式招募的吸毒者社会人口学、高危行为及HIV、HCV和梅毒感染情况。方法于2004年5~7月,从四川省凉山彝族自治州西昌市社区中招募吸毒人群调查其社会人口学特征、近3个月直接和间接共用注射器具静脉吸毒方式、近6个月性行为情况。采集研究对象的血样进行HIV、HCV和梅毒抗体检测。结果在招募的451名吸毒者中,通过同伴招募和其他方式招募的分别占73.8%和26.2%。性别、民族、年龄、文化程度和婚姻状况在不同方式招募的吸毒者中差异有统计学意义。静脉注射吸毒频率、口吸海洛因频率、海洛因混合其他毒品使用频率、共用针头或注射器频率、共用洗针头或注射器用水频率、共用吸毒器皿频率、共用棉球频率、共用注射器前或后装入毒品频率、以及与固定性伴/临时性伴非保护性性行为、以性交为条件给性伙伴提供钱物和新的性伙伴在不同方式招募的吸毒者中差异有统计学意义。未见不同方式招募的吸毒者HIV、HCV和梅毒感染差异有统计学意义。结论应答驱动抽样是招募吸毒人员的有效方法,通过同伴容易招募到少数民族和高危行为的吸毒者。

Comparison of High Risk Behaviors, the Prevalence of HIV、HCV and Syphilis among Drug Users Enrolled through Different Recruitment Methods in Xichang County of Sichuan Province, China

Objective To study differences of socio-demography, high risk sex behaviors, the prevalence of HIV, HCV and syphilis infection among drug users enrolled through different recruitment methods of respondent-driven sampling. Methods From May 2004 to July 2004,a cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate socio-demographic characteristics, direct and indirect sharing of injection equipment in the past three months and sexual behaviors in the past six months among drug users. Blood samples were also collected to test for HIV, HCV and syphilis antibodies. Results Of the 451 drug users, those who were enrolled through peer referral and others were 73.8% and 26.2%, respectively. Gender, minority, age, marital status, sharing of needle or syringe, sharing of cooker, sharing of cotton, sharing of rinse water and sharing of front-or back-loading in the past 3 months, unprotected sex behavior and gave money for sex in the past month,were found statistically significant differences among different samples, respectively. HIV, HCV and syphilis infection were found to be no significant statistical differences between different recruitment methods respectively.Conclusion Respondent-driven sampling is a effective recruitment method. Minority and drug users at high risk can be recruited through peer referral.