2010年务川县甲肝暴发疫情调查分析

目的分析2010年贵州省务川县甲肝暴发疫情可能的危险因素和传播途径,评价控制效果。方法采用统一的调查表对病例进行调查核实,了解病例的三间分布。结果 2010-01/08年共报告甲肝病例34例,报告病例来自大坪镇甘禾村塘池组及相邻的黄洋村陈家山和石院子组,罹患率0.11%;甘禾小学发病18例,罹患率2.96%。密切接触者隐性感染率20.51%,发病年龄以7~13岁较多,占52.94%,人群以学生（20例）及散居儿童（8例）发病较多,占82.35%,该镇2岁以上人群均无甲肝疫苗接种史。结论该起疫情系通过生活密切接触传播引起,发病地点主要为农村小学,应改善农村环境卫生开展健康教育宣传和甲肝疫苗应急接种,有效控制甲肝暴发。

Investigation on an Outbreak of Hepatitis A inWuchuan County,2010

Objective To investigate the potential risk factors and the route of transmission of a hepatitis A outbreak in Wuchuan county,Guizhou province. Methods Self-made questionnaires were applied to investigate the hepatitis A cases and its distribution. Results Altogether 34 hepatitis A cases were reported which mainly distributed in Tangchi group of Ganhe village and Shiyuanzi and Chenjiashan group of Huangyang village,Daping town. The overall prevalence rate was 0. 11%. Eighteen cases were reported in Ganhe primary school with a prevalence rate of 2. 96%. The inapparent infection rate was 20. 51%,mainly in age of 7-13 years old,accounting for 52. 94%. The vulnerable population were mainly students（ 20 cases） and scattered children（ 8 cases）,altogether accounting for 82. 35%. Conclusion The outbreak is caused by intimate life contacts,the rural school as the outbreak site. Thus comprehensive measures should be taken,such as improving the living environment, health education and timely vaccination,etc.