2011年安县农村环境卫生现状监测分析

目的掌握安县农村环境卫生现状。方法2011年按照分层随机的方法，在全县东、西、南、北、中5个方位抽取5个镇，在各镇中分别抽取4个村进行环境卫生监测。结果2011年安县农村村级道路硬化占90％，集中供水覆盖率为41％，无垃圾统一处理点的占85％，生活污水未处理排放占78．3％，养殖污水未无害化处理排放占71．4％，卫生厕所普及率57．5％；调查的20个村，其中2个村有专职的环境卫生管理人员6人，14个村有兼职管理人员43人，4个村无管理人员；环境卫生管理经费投入人均2．04元，土壤寄生虫虫卵成活率为83．3％，病媒生物控制工作总频次和村布点均数低：灭鼠26次／年、灭蝇12次／年、灭蚊和灭蟑螂各10况／年。结论安县农村居民的环境卫生状况较差，尤其在垃圾、污水处理等问题较突出。

Environmental Sanitation in Rural Areas of Anxian County, 2011

Objective To master the situation of environmental sanitation in the rural areas of Anxian county. Methods With stratified random sampling method, 5 towns were selected from the five directions ~（ the north- ern, southern, center, eastern and western part of the county） and 4 villages were then selected from each town as the hygiene surveillance spots. Results The hardened road at village level took a proportion of 90% , and aspects alike： coverage of central water supplying, 41% ; proportion of centralized garbage without dispos- al, 85% ; proportion of wastewater without disposal, 78.3% ; proportion of the aquaculture water without dis- posal, 71.4% ; prevalence of sanitary toilet, 57.5%. Among the surveyed 20 villages, 2 were equipped with 6 full - time staffs for environmental sanitation management, 14 villages with part - timers and 4 villages with nobody for the management. The expenditure on environmental sanitary management was 2. 04RMB per cap- ital. The survival parasitic ovum rate was 83.3%. The vector control rates stayed low： deratization, 26times a year; fly eradication, 12times a year; mosquito and cockroach eradication, 10 times a year. Conclusion The environmental sanitation in the rural areas of Anxian county is not so optimistic, especially in terms of gar- bage and wastewater disposal.