n-6/n-3脂肪酸配方油对大鼠血脂和脂质过氧化的影响

目的研究不同脂肪酸n-6/n-3组成的配方油对大鼠血脂和脂质过氧化的影响.方法成年SD雄性大鼠喂饲含相同胆固醇(0.5%,W/W)、饱和脂肪酸(占供给能量10%)、单不饱和脂肪酸(占供给能量13%)和多不饱和脂肪酸(占供给能量12%),但不同脂肪酸n-6/n-3比(6.48、2.07、0.93、031)的4种配方油的高脂合成饲料60天,观察大鼠血脂及脂质过氧化的变化.结果4种配方油比猪油均显著降低血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、LDL-C/HDL-C、AI[(TC-HDL-C/HDL-C,致动脉粥样硬化指数)],升高HDL-C/TC;配方油D具有独特的升高血清HDL-C2的作用;配方油A、C、D显著降低血清TG,而配方油B作用不明显.以n-3多不饱和脂肪酸占优势的配方油C、D比以n-6多不饱和脂肪酸占优势的配方油A、B显著地升高血清丙二醛,降低血清超氧化物歧化酶、全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性.4组配方油大鼠的心、脑脂褐质含量均比实验前增高,各配方油间无显著差异;心、脑脂褐质与血脂的相关分析发现心、脑脂褐质与血清TC、LDL-C呈正相关,与血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)关系不明显.结论从预防动脉粥样硬化的角度,脂肪酸n-6/n-3比在2.07～6.48范围内是合理的脂肪酸供给模式.

Effects of Various n-6/n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Ratios on Serum Lipids and Lipid-peroxidation in Rats

Objective To study the effects of various n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratios on serum lipids and lipid-peroxidation in rats. Methods Adult male SD rats were fed for 60 days with various n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ratios and same saturated, monoun- saturated, polyunsaturated fatty acids contents of four kinds of formula oil diets. Results Serum TC, LDL-C, AI b (Atherogenic Index), LDL-C/HDL-C were equally decreased and serum HDL-C/TC were equally increased in all the formula oil groups compared with lard group, while no significant difference was found among other formula oil groups. Compare with lard group, serum TG was significantly lower in formula oil groups A, C, and D, while no significant change was found in group B. When compared with formula oil groups A and B, the MDA levels of serum, heart, and brain significantly in creased and blood GSH-Px activities significantly decreased in formula oil groups C and D. A highly positive relationship between serum TC and LDL-C and lipofusin of heart and brain, but such correlation was not found between serum TC/LDL-C and HDL-C/TG. Conclusion From the view of preventing atherosclerosis, dietary fatty acids n-6/n-3 ratio in range of 2.07 to 6.48 may be an appropriate supplement pattern of diet fatty acids.