结肠镜筛查在中老年人群健康体检中的应用

目的探究结肠镜筛查在中老年人群健康体检中的应用。方法收集并整理2010年1月-2018年1月来该院行健康检查的11 547名中老年人的结肠镜检查数据,分析结肠镜检查在中老年人群大肠癌筛查中的效果。结果 11 547名中老年人初筛阳性率为16.77%(1 937/11 547),男性患者第1次和第2次参与率均低于女性,但男性患者第1次、第2次和初筛整体阳性率均高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。45～55岁、56～60岁、61～65岁和66～70岁的人群初筛参与率无明显差异,但年龄为71～75岁阶段的患者初筛参与率明显低于其他年龄组患者,且随着年龄的增长,患者第1次、第2次和初筛整体阳性率均升高,差异具有统计学意义(P 0.05)。患者以炎症、普通腺瘤、非腺瘤性息肉为主要病变,男性患者大肠癌、进展期腺瘤、普通腺瘤、非腺瘤性息肉的病变率高于女性患者,黑变病和炎症病变率低于女性患者,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。45～55岁和61～65岁患者以炎症病变为主,56～60岁以黑变病为主,66～70岁和71～75岁患者以普通腺瘤为主。结论结肠镜筛查能够有效发现中老年人群的肠道病变,大肠癌发病率随年龄增长而增高。因此,应提高中老年人群的结肠镜检查顺应性。

Application of colonoscopy screening in health examination of middle-aged and elderly people

Abstract: Objective To explore the application of colonoscopy screening in the health checkup of middle-aged and elderly people. Methods Collecting and collating the colonoscopy data of 11 547 middle-aged and elderly people who came for health check-up from January 2010 to January 2018, and the effect of colonoscopy on colorectal cancer screening in middle-aged and elderly people was analyzed. Results The positive screening rate of 11 547 middle-aged and elderly people was 16.77% (1 937/11 547), and the first and second participation rates of male patients were lower than that of females, but the overall positive rate of male patients in the first, second and primary screenings. All were higher than women, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the initial screening participation rate among the 45 ~ 55 group, 56 ~ 60 group, 61 ~ 65 group, 66 ~ 70 years old, but the initial screening participation rate of patients aged 71 ~ 75 years was significantly lower than that of other age groups. With the increase of age, the overall positive rate of the first, second and primary screening patients increased, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Patients with inflammation, common adenoma, non-adenomatous polyps as the main lesions, male patients with colorectal cancer, advanced adenoma, common adenoma, non-adenomatous polyps have higher rates of disease than female patients, melanosis and inflammatory lesions. The rate was lower than that of female patients, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Patients in the 45 ~ 55 group and the 61 ~ 65 group were mainly inflammatory lesions, 56 ~ 60 group were mainly black syndrome, and 66 ~ 70 group and 71 ~ 75 group were mainly adenomas. Conclusion Colonoscopy screening can effectively detect intestinal lesions in the middle-aged and elderly population. Although the incidence of colorectal cancer increases with age, it should improve the colonoscopy compliance of the middle-aged and elderly population.