清洗用超声波对细菌杀灭作用的实验研究

本文报道清洗时所用的超声波及其与理化因子协同的杀菌效果。单独超声波作用２０分钟对细菌繁殖体有一定的杀灭作用，但对细菌芽胞的杀灭作用较差。超声波与热力协同杀菌作用不明显，但与碘伏、过氧化氢、戊二醛、甲醛等化学消毒剂协同，有较明显的杀菌增效作用。其增效作用大部分是由于超声时的热力效应所致。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BACTERICICAL EFFICACY OF ULTRASONIC USED FOR CLEANING

In order to know the killing effect of ultrasonic used for cleaning(frequency:10～100kHz) on bacteria and the influence of the physical and chemical agents on its bactericial effi- cacy, experimental study was carried out in laboratory.The results of suspension test indicated that the killing rates of Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa after exposure to ultrasonic alone for 20 minwere 61.74%, 87.50% and 99.66% respectively,while the killing rates of spores of Bacillusanthracoides and spores of B. subtilis var. niger were only 11.23% and 13.86% respectively. Exposure to synergetic action of ultrasonic and 50℃heat for 20 min could only kill 27.23%of the spores of B. subtilis var. niger. The killing rates of spores of B. subtilis var.niger afterexposure to combined action of ultrasonic and chemical disinfectants such as 4 %formaldehyde,germicidal detergent solution(containing available chlorine 400 mg/L),4%hydrogen peroxide,2 % glutaraldehyde and iodophor solution(containing available iodine600 mg/L)were 96.82%, 99.94%, 96. 14%, 99.77% and 99.88% respectively and thegermicidal synergetic values(T/D were 3.01,6.89,11.00,102.13 and 672.97 respectively. By means of the synchronous temperature-rising control,it could be seen that thesynergetic sporicidal action of ultrasonic and hydrogen peroxide was closely related to theheat effect produced by them.