乌拉地尔、硝酸甘油用于高血压急症院前急救的临床分析

目的观察乌拉地尔、硝酸甘油注射液对高血压急症的临床疗效，并分析其对心率的影响。方法将80例高血压急症患者随机分为乌拉地尔组与硝酸甘油组各40例。乌拉地尔组给予乌拉地尔注射液25mg用0．9％氯化钠注射液20mL稀释，5min内静脉推注，随后用乌拉地尔50mg加入0．9％氯化钠注射液250mL中静脉滴注，初始速度为0．5mL／min（100μg／min）；硝酸甘油组给予硝酸甘油注射液5mg加入0．9％氯化钠注射液250mL中静脉滴注，初始速度为0．5mL／min（10μg／min）。比较两组给药前后血压、心率变化。结果乌拉地尔组、硝酸甘油组均可明显降低高血压急症患者血压．达到治疗目标．两组间疗效比较无明显差异，硝酸甘油组治疗后心率明显增快，不良反应较多。结论乌拉地尔作用迅速、降压平稳．不良反应轻微．是高血压急症院前急救的理想药物。

Clinical analysis of Urapidil and Nitroglycerin application in prehospital medical care of hypertensive emergencies

Objective To observe the clinical effect of urapidil and nitroglycerin injection on hypertension emergencies and analyze its influence on heart rate.Methods Eighty cases of hypertension emergencies patients were randomly divided into Urapidil group and Nitroglycerin group,each group of 40 cases.The Urapidil group was treated with intravenous injection of 25 mg Urapidil within 5 min,which was diluted by 20 mL normal saline;Then the group was given intravenous drip of 50 mg Urapidil treatment with an initial speed of 0.5 mL/min(100 μg/min),which was diluted by 250 mL normal saline.The Nitroglycerin group was given intravenous drip of 5 mg Nitroglycerin injection treatment with an initial speed of 0.5 mL/min(10 μg/min),which was diluted by 250 mL of normal saline.The changes of blood pressure and heart rates of the two groups before and after administration were compared.Results The blood pressure of hypertension emergencies patients in both Urapidil and Nitroglycerin groups were all reduced and reached the target value,there was no significant difference between the two groups.The heart rates of the Nitroglycerin group increased obviously,which had more adverse reactions.Conclusion Urapidil can reduce the blood pressure rapidly and stably with less adverse reactions.It is an ideal drug for prehospital medical care of hypertensive emergencies.