突发化学中毒事故危害评估与医学应急救援资源系统的应用

目的针对化学中毒突发事故进行高效、科学、实用的事故危害评估，提供应急救援技术援助和科学的决策依据，指导相关部门的医学救援工作。方法收集与分析珠海市危险化学源、气象、水文、地理地貌、人口与救援资源分布等资料，确定毒物种类，选定不同毒物的数学扩散模型，建立一个开放的计算机评估平台，同时建立救援信息查询数据库。结果该系统结构上模块化，包括事故设定、危害评估、救援方案、医学应急、档案管理和GIS地理信息平台6个功能模块并建立化学品毒性数据库，便于对化学事故的危害评估与提供应急救援措施。结论该系统的研制具有较好的科学性、先进性和可行性，可以对珠海市发生的突发化学中毒事故进行定量危害评估、提供应急救援措施建议，为指挥中心决策提供科学数据。

Application on System of Hazard Assessment and Medical Rescue Resource for Chemical Poisoning Accident in Zhuhai

Objective To make efficient, scientific, and practical hazard assessment, provide technical assistance and scientific evidence, and guide related departments to execute chemical rescue measurements. Methods Basic information of dangerous chemical distribution and stocks, geographic status, traffic, telecommunication, local meteorology, population and rescuing sources distribution were collected and analyzed in Zhuhai city, the confirmed chemicals and their math- ematic spreading modules were chosen to build an open computerized evaluating system. Results This system structure was modularized to 6 functional parts, which included accident enactment, hazard evaluation, rescue plan, medical emergency rescue, document management, and Geographic Information System（GIS）. A chemical toxicant database was built for hazard evaluation and offering emergency rescue measurements in a chemical accident. Conclusion The system is scientific, advanced and feasible. It can conduct quantity hazard evaluation and provide suggestions of emergency medical rescue and scientific data to make decisions for the command center.