医用复合生物陶瓷的研究进展

随着医学研究的进展,人们对因肿瘤及损伤等原因造成的组织或器官的缺损的修复越来越重视。由于自体组织移植作为修复材料的来源受到限制,并存在弊端,许多材料学家与医学工作者相结合把目光集中到各种人工材料上,可吸收的人工材料前段时间研究颇热,但是由于材料吸收速度与人体组织修复之间的时间差异等各种问题而使对其的研究受到了限制,而从20世纪60年代开始研究的人体生物陶瓷由于良好的生物相容性、生物力学性能而得到广泛的关注。但是,陶瓷的脆性始终限制了陶瓷的临床应用。最近,增韧陶瓷及纳米陶瓷材料的研究正进一步深入,并且取得了很大的成功。科学家预言:“纳米技术是改善陶瓷脆性的战略途径”。纳米级复合生物陶瓷的各种生物力学性能更加符合人体硬组织的要求。这给生物陶瓷的研究注入了新的活力。

Research progress of Medical Compound Bioceramics

With the progresses in medical research, reconstruction of body's deformation because of tumor or injury has been drawn more and more attentions. As autograft was limited by in short supply and dissatisfied performance, material scientists and medical researchers worked hard together and laid emphasis on manmade materials. Early studies were focused on absorbable materials. Since there was great discrepancy between absorption time and tissue repairing time, the studies on absorbable materials were blocked. From 1960's, more and more studies focused on bioceramics because of its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. But the brittleness of bioceramics limited it for clinical use. In recent time, the strengthened ceramics and nano-bioceramics have been paid more attention and made great success. Scientists foretell that nano-technology would be the strategy of changing the brittleness of ceramics. The characters of nano-compound bioceramics were fit for the mechanical properties demand of man's hard tissue more. That infused new vigor into the research of bioceramics.