老年患者双源CT冠状动脉成像的研究

目的 探讨老年患者采用双源CT冠状动脉成像的图像质量和诊断冠状动脉病变的特点. 方法 200例临床怀疑冠心病者,检查前均未口服倍他乐克准备.分为老年组126例,年龄60～91岁,对照组例74例,年龄38～59岁.比较两组患者的临床特征、平扫及增强扫描的平均心率和屏气时间、平均钙化积分值、图像质量评价及冠状动脉狭窄情况. 结果与对照组比较,老年组胸闷、胸痛、高血压、糖尿病、高血脂和陈旧心肌梗死的发生率明显高于对照组,平均钙化积分值、<50%及≥50%狭窄数均高于对照组(均P<0.01).老年组平扫及增强扫描的平均心率和屏气时间与对照组比较差异无统计学意义,老年组图像质量为1级、2级和3级的冠状动脉节段分别为96.5%、2.3%和1.2%,与对照组(97.1%、2.0%和0.9%)比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05).结论 双源CT冠状动脉成像是一种无创、安伞、简便的方法.在无需口服倍他乐克准备的情况下获得满意的冠状动脉各节段图像,可做为老年患者冠心病常规检查有效方法之一.

Study on coronary artery imaging with dual source computed tomography in senile people

Objective To explore the image quality of coronary artery imaging with dual source computed tomography (DSCT) and analyze the coronary artery lesions. Methods Two hundred cases with clinically suspected coronary heart disease, who underwent plain and enhanced DSCT coronary artery imaging without oral Betaloc preparation were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups: the senile group of 126 cases with the average age of (71.3±7.7) years old and the control group of 74 cases with the average age of (50.4±6.2) years old. The clinical characteristics, the average heart rate and breath-holding time for plain and enhanced scan, the average calcium score, the image quality evaluation and the coronary stenosis were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the control group, the incidences of chest pain or discomfort, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and old myocardial infarction were significantly higher in the senile group. The average calcium score and the numbers of <50% and ≥50% stenosis were also significantly higher in the senile group than those in the control group (364.9±442.6)points vs. (44.8±106.9)points, 159 vs. 45 branches, 212 vs. 32 branches, respectively, all P<0.01). The average heart rate and breath-holding time of plain and enhanced scan had no significant differences compared with the control group. The proportion of the coronary segments with grade 1 ,grade 2 and grade 3 image quality also had no significant difference compared with the control group (96.5%,2.3% and 1.2% vs. 97.1%, 2.0% and 0.9%, P>0.05). Conclusions DSCT coronary artery imaging in senile patients is noninvasive, safe and simple, and excellent coronary artery image can be obtained without oral Betaloc preparation. It can be used as a routine examination in the clinical diagnosis of coronary heart disease.