铁法大隆矿煤工尘肺预防效果评价

目的评价40年来大隆矿煤工尘肺的预防效果,为进一步改善防尘降尘措施提供理论依据。方法采用"煤工尘肺调查表"和"接尘工人未患尘肺者调查表"对所有曾接尘的该矿工人进行个案调查,用单因素方差分析、寿命表法、Log-rank检验等统计学方法,分析了其中所有接尘工人的资料。结果大隆矿1959年前、1960～1964年、1965～1969年、1970～1979年不同年代接尘作业工人至2004年底尘肺累积发病率分别为:67.50%、15.07%、11.64%、0.00%,年平均发病率分别为:1.41%、0.36%、0.31%、0.00%。不同年代诊断的尘肺病人平均发病年龄与平均接尘工龄分别由80年代以前的40.94岁与16.11年,延长到80～90年代为49.04岁与22.04年,90年代进一步延长为63.30岁与27.70年。推行综合防尘措施后参加接尘作业矿工较之推行前,在相同观察周年内,累积发病率比较,差别有显著性(P<0.0001)。假设1980年后各年尘肺发病率与1980年前参加者相同,计算得预期发病人数为21人,而实际发病人数为0人。结论大隆矿煤工尘肺的发病情况逐渐减轻,1980年推行综合防尘降尘措施后发病情况减轻。

Effectiveness Assessments of Preventive Measures against Coal Worker's Pneumoconiosis in Dalong Mine of Tiefa-Corporation

Objective The effectiveness of preventive measures against coal worker's pneumoconiosis(CWP) in Dalong Mine of Tiefa Corporation was evaluated.Methods All workers in this mine were investigated with questionnaire for coal worker's pneumoconiosis or questionnaire for coal workers without coal worker's pneumoconiosis.Results The data showed substantial decline in the annual incidence and accumulated prevalence of CWP.The number of coal worker's pneumoconiosis decreased to zero after 1980.Conclusion After the implement of preventive measurements against dust the incidence of coal worker's pneumoconiosis decreased gradually.These preventive measures against coal worker's pneumoconiosis(CWP) in Dalong Mine are feasible and effective.