医院实习医学生血源性病原体职业暴露现状及教学对策

目的了解实习医学生血源性病原体职业暴露的流行情况和相关防护知识的掌握现状,探讨有效的防护及干预措施.方法采用自行设计的问卷,调查185名实习医学生血源性职业暴露相关知识、态度行为,以及暴露情况.结果在半年至1a的实习期间,34.6%的医学生发生过职业暴露,实习医学生血源性职业暴露相关知识和行为仍存在缺陷,护理专业实习生与临床专业实习生发生职业暴露的情况差异有统计学意义（χ2=11.063,P〈0.05）.结论实习阶段医学生面临血源性职业暴露有潜在的危险,尤其是护理专业的学生,应从个人、学校、医院等方面加强对临床实习生的职业安全防护教育与教学实习管理.

Present Situation of Hematogenous Pathogen Occupational Exposure in the Medical Students and Teaching Countermeasures

Objective To study the popular situation of hematogenous pathogen occupational exposure in the medical students during clinical practice and the present situation which they had grasped the related protection knowledge,and to discuss the effective measures of protection and intervention.Method We used the questionnaire designed by ourselves,and investigated the knowledge,manner and behavior,as well as exposed situation related to the hematogenous occupational exposure in 185 medical students during clinical practice.Results During the practice from half to one year,34.6% medical students had experienced the occupational exposure.The medical students were lack of knowledge and the right behavior related to hematogenous occupational exposure.The difference of occupational exposure between nursing and clinical medical students had the significance of statistics（χ2=11.063,P0.05）.Conclusions The medical students during clinical practice face the latent danger of hematogenous occupational exposure,especially nursing students.Individuals,schools and hospitals should strengthen the occupational safety education and management of the clinical interns.