Elevated depressive symptoms and incident stroke in Hispanic, African-American, and White older Americans |
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Authors: | M Maria Glymour Jessica J Yen Anna Kosheleva J Robin Moon Benjamin D Capistrant Kristen K Patton |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Kresge 617, Boston, MA 02115, USA;(2) Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Kresge 7th Floor, Boston, MA, USA;(3) Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA |
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Abstract: | Although depressive symptoms have been linked to stroke, most research has been in relatively ethnically homogeneous, predominantly
white, samples. Using the United States based Health and Retirement Study, we compared the relationships between elevated
depressive symptoms and incident first stroke for Hispanic, black, or white/other participants (N = 18,648) and estimated
the corresponding Population Attributable Fractions. The prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms was higher in blacks (27%)
and Hispanics (33%) than whites/others (18%). Elevated depressive symptoms prospectively predicted stroke risk in the whites/other
group (HR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.36–1.73) and among blacks (HR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.05–1.65). The HR was similar but only marginally
statistically significant among Hispanics (HR = 1.33; 95% CI: 0.92–1.91). The Population Attributable Fraction, indicating
the percent of first strokes that would be prevented if the incident stroke rate in those with elevated depressive symptoms
was the same as the rate for those without depressive symptoms, was 8.3% for whites/others, 7.8% for blacks, and 10.3% for
Hispanics. |
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