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目的探讨开窗术与口内小切口刮除囊肿后填充硫酸钙联合治疗颌骨囊肿的疗效和术后评价，寻求微创治疗青少年中大型颌骨囊肿的方法。方法从安徽医科大学附属口腔医院2010年5月至2011年12月收治的青少年患者中，选取中大型颌骨囊肿10例，开窗6个月至2年不等，之后均采取口内小切口刮除囊肿及填充医用硫酸钙。结果无一例出现感染及其他并发症。开窗待囊肿明显缩小后，行囊肿刮除及硫酸钙充填术；术后6个月颌骨曲面断层片显示原囊腔低密度影像基本消失，新骨形成，与正常骨组织无明显差别。对于开窗后囊肿自行痊愈的患者选择随访。结论对于中大型颌骨囊肿，采用开窗术及二期囊肿刮除后填充医用硫酸钙联合治疗可以更好地修复骨缺损，减少患者的痛苦和并发症，是一种理想的治疗方法。

Assessment on the treatments for tremendous jaw cysts with fenestration and calcium sulfate implantation in adolescents

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of fenestration and calcium sulfate implantation in the treatment of jaw cysts, searching for a minimally invasive therapy for jaw cysts. Methods Between May 2010 and December 2011,10 cases of tremendous jaw cysts were treated, with an average age of 20.5 years. The time of fenestration ranged from 6 months to 2 years, then fill with calcium sulfate pellets after jaw cysts enucleation. Results No postoperative infection or rejection was found. The patients underwent cyst curettage and calcium sulfate implantation when jaw cysts shrinked after fenestration. At 6 months after operation, the capsule cavity boundary disappeared, there was no obvious difference in image density between the original cavity and normal bone, and the original defect area was full of new bone. Follow up the cases of jaw cysts which vanished after fenestration. Conclusion The method of fenestration and calcium sulfate implantation in the treatment of jaw cysts is ideal for bone formation.