精神科住院患者苯二氮(艹卓)类药物使用现状

目的：调查精神科住院患者苯二氮艹卓]类药物（BZD）的使用现状。方法：以2005年7月12日至14日为时点调查日，对19家精神疾病专科医院用自制调查表进行调查，被调查的医院包括卫生、民政、铁路、公安4个系统，凡住院号为单数的精神科住院患者接受调查。结果：在2483例患者中，合并使用BZD者为705例（28．4％），各类精神障碍合并使用BZD者分别为：精神分裂症404例（21．4％），心境障碍160例（55．6％），器质性精神障碍43例（51．2％），神经症32例（71．1％），急性短暂性精神病17例（34．7％），癔症15例（55．6％），精神活性物质所致精神障碍10例（31．3％），其他2，4例。BZD使用频率依次为阿普唑仑、氯硝西泮、艾司唑仑、劳拉西泮、地西泮等。使用BZD的时间：〈60d者462例（65．5％），〉60d者243例（34．5％）。结论：精神科住院患者BZD的使用基本规范，但也有不合理用药。

The status of benzodiazepine drugs application psychiatric inpatients

Objective:To investigate the status of benzodiazepine drugs(BZD)application on psychiatric inpatients. Method:Nineteen psychosis hospitals in four ministries of health, civil administration, railway, public security were involved. In these hospitals, psychiatric inpatients with odd admission numbers on July 12 to 14,2005 were selected and investigated. Results:Among the total of 2 483 patients,705(28.4%) were combined with treatment of BZD, which included 404(21.4%) schizophrenia,160(55.6%) mood disorder,43(51.2%) organic mental disorder,32(71.1%) neurosis,17(34.7%) with acute and transient psychosis,15(55.6%) hysteria,10(31.3%) mental disorders due to psychoactive substances and other 24 cases.The most frequently prescribed BZD was alprazolam,followed by clonazepam,estazolam,lorazepam,diazepam and nitrazepam in turn.There were 462(65.5%) cases received BZD treatment for less than 60 days,and 243(34.5%) cases over 60 days. Conclusion:The application of BZD on psychiatric inpatients are norm except a little inappropriate usage.