儿童乳牙患龋状况及其家庭口腔健康行为的差异

目的研究家庭口腔健康行为对辽宁省城乡儿童乳牙患龋状况的影响。方法采用多阶段、分层、等容量、随机抽样的方法，运用世界卫生组织《口腔健康调查基本方法》诊断标准对辽宁省城乡792名5岁儿童进行乳牙龋病检查，并随机抽取50%受检者的家长进行问卷调查。结果1）辽宁省5岁儿童乳牙患龋率为73.86%，龋均（dmft）为4.38；其中城市儿童乳牙患龋率为64.14%，农村儿童乳牙患龋率为83.59%，城乡之间儿童乳牙患龋率具有统计学差异（P<0.01）。2）口腔健康行为分析表明，农村儿童进食糖果、巧克力、糖水、碳酸饮料、果汁等的频率高于城市。城市儿童开始刷牙时间、频率、用含氟牙膏的比例均高于农村。城市家长普遍学历高，收入多，儿童定期检查和采取预防措施的人数高于农村。结论辽宁省，尤其是农村地区应加强对家庭口腔健康行为的教育。

Difference between dental caries and oral health behavior of family in primary dentition

Objective To study the dental caries status in the primary dentition of 5-year-old children and analyze the difference of oral health behavior of family between urban and rural in Liaoning province. Methods The repre-sentative samples were selected by multi-stage, stratified and random sampling from Liaoning province. Dental caries of 792 children at five years were recorded according to World Health Organization criteria. The questionnaries were finished by 396 parents of the children and analyzed the oral health behavior of family in urban and rural by chi-squre test. Results The prevalence and dmft of dental caries of 5-year-old children in Liaoning province was 73.86% and 4.38, respectively. The prevalence of dental caries in 5-year-old children was 64.14% in urban and 83.59% in rural. There was significant difference on the consumption of sweets, chocolate, water with sugar and bev-erage between the children in urban and rural. More urban children had good toothbrushing behavior such as the time of beginning brush tooth, the frequency of brushing and daily use of fluoridated toothpaste compared with the rural children. The parents in urban had high level of education and incomes and there were more children in urban have regular dental visit pattern than in rural. Conclusion This study has shown that there is an urgent need for the implementation of a systematic education on oral health behavior of family on rural children in Liaoning province.