Gonadotropin-releasing hormone-1 (GnRH-1) is involved in tooth maturation and biomineralization. |
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Authors: | Jean Tiong Thomas Locastro Susan Wray |
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Institution: | Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. |
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Abstract: | Gonadotropin releasing-hormone-1 (GnRH-1) is expressed in mouse incisors during development. In this report, we identify (1) cell type(s) that express GnRH-1 throughout tooth development, (2) the GnRH-1 receptor, and (3) the role of GnRH-1/GnRH-1 receptor signaling in tooth maturation. Results show that GnRH-1-positive cells in dental epithelium differentiate and populate multiple tooth structures including ameloblast and papillary layers that are involved in enamel formation and mineralization. The GnRH-1 receptor was present, and in vitro a GnRH-1 antagonist attenuated incisor GnRH-1 cell expression. In vivo, in mice lacking GnRH-1 (-/-), the incisors were discolored, longer, and more curved compared to wildtype. Elemental analysis of calcium, phosphorus, and iron revealed changes in -/- incisors consistent with GnRH-1 affecting movement of minerals into the dental matrix. In sum, in tooth development a signal transduction pathway exists for GnRH-1 via the GnRH-1 receptor and disruption of such signaling affects incisor growth and biomineralization. |
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Keywords: | GnRH‐1 GnRH‐1 receptor tooth development and biomineralization GnRH‐1‐deficient mice |
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