Psychiatric morbidity and comorbidity in different vestibular vertigo syndromes |
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Authors: | Christoph Best Annegret Eckhardt-Henn Regine Tschan Marianne Dieterich |
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Institution: | 1.Dept. of Neurology,Johannes Gutenberg-University,Mainz,Germany;2.Dept. of Psychosomatic Medicine,Bürgerhospital Stuttgart,Stuttgart,Germany;3.Dept. of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy,Johannes Gutenberg-University,Mainz,Germany |
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Abstract: | Objectives
High rates of coexisting vestibular deficits and psychiatric disorders have been reported in patients with vertigo. Hence,
a causal linkage between the vestibular system and emotion processing systems has been postulated. The aim of this study was
to evaluate the impact of vestibular function and vestibular deficits as well as preexisting psychiatric pathologies on the
course of vestibular vertigo syndromes over 1 year.
Methods
This interdisciplinary prospective longitudinal study included a total of 68 patients with vestibular vertigo syndromes. Four
subgroups were compared: benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo (BPPV, n = 19), vestibular neuritis (VN, n = 14), vestibular
migraine (VM, n = 27), and Menière’s disease (MD, n = 8). All patients underwent neurological and detailed neurootological
examinations as well as two standardized interviews and a psychometric examination battery at five different times (T0–T4)
over 1 year.
Results
The prevalence of psychiatric disorders at baseline (T0) did not differ between the four subgroups. Only patients with VM
showed significantly higher rates of psychiatric disorders (p = 0.044) in the follow-up over 1 year. Patients with a positive
history of psychiatric disorders before the onset of the vestibular disorder had significantly increased rates of psychiatric
disorders compared to patients with a negative history of psychiatric disorders (T1: p = 0.004, T3: p = 0.015, T4: p = 0.012).
The extent of vestibular deficit or dysfunction did not have any influence on the further course of the vestibular disease
with respect to the development of psychiatric disorders.
Conclusion
A positive history of psychiatric disorders is a strong predictor for the development of reactive psychiatric disorders following
a vestibular vertigo syndrome. Especially patients with vestibular migraine are at risk of developing somatoform dizziness.
The degree of vestibular dysfunction does not correlate with the development of psychiatric disorders. |
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Keywords: | vertigo psychiatric comorbidity depression anxiety vestibular disorders |
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