护士工作压力与心理健康状况的调查分析

目的了解护士的工作压力和心理健康状况及其两者之间的关系。方法采用护士工作压力源量表和症状自评量表对石河子大学医学院四所附属医院的内、外科病房护士采取分层整群抽样的方法发放问卷调查。结果护士工作压力源在五个因子上的均分为：护理专业及工作方面的问题为2．83±0．61分，时间分配及工作量的问题为2．91±0．71分，工作环境及仪器设备的问题为2．44±0．85分，病人护理方面的问题为2．78±0．62分，管理及人际关系方面的问题为2．37±0．73分。不同年龄、职称、学历的护士工作压力源有一定差异。护士SCL-90各因子及总分高于中国常模，提示护士的心理健康状况低于常模。护士心理健康状况与感受的压力具有显著相关性。结论建议管理者了解护士的工作压力，重视护士的心理健康。

Investigation of the Job Stress and Mental Health in Nurses

Objective To understand the relation between the working pressure and the mental health in the nurses. Method Applying the Nurse Job Stressors scale and the SCL-90 Questionnaire to investigate nurses that comes from four affiliated hospitals of medical college of Shihezi University, sampling by layering the whole flock. Results The stressors of the nurses are divided into five factors and each mean mark of the five aspects are as follows： 2. 83±0.61 at the aspect of nursing profession and work, 2. 91±0.71 at time distribution and workload, 2.44±0.85 at the working environments and equipments, 2. 78±0.62 at the patient nursing, and 2.37±0.73 at the management as well as human relations. The scale on sources of stress indicates that there were certain differences in the different age, job title and qualification of nurses. Comparing with the health adults of Chinese norm on the SCL-90 scale, the nurses got more marks in every factor and the whole level of mental health, which indicates that the mental health of the nurses is worse than the Chinese norm. There is significant correlation between the mental health status and the pressure that the nurses felt. conclusion The managers should try to understand the working pressure of the nurses, put emphasis on their mental health.