人脐带间充质干细胞移植改善糖尿病兔下肢缺血

背景：将骨髓和自体外周血干细胞移植到糖尿病下肢缺血患者的下肢肌肉内后,可促进血管再生,改善和恢复糖尿病下肢缺血患者的患肢血流,但采集风险较大,对患者年龄、身体条件、心理接受程度要求较高。与骨髓和自体外周血干细胞相比,脐带资源丰富,细胞采集简单,免疫原性弱。目的：探讨人脐带间充质干细胞移植改善糖尿病兔下肢缺血的可行性。方法：建立糖尿病兔动物模型,结扎双后肢股动脉及分支制备下肢缺血动物模型。取经DIL染料标记的人脐带间充质干细胞悬液分15点（每点平均细胞数约为1.67×106）注射于左后肢缺血部位,右后肢缺血部位注射生理盐水,分别于第2,4周后取双侧后肢内收肌和腓肠肌标本,病理切片观察血管新生程度,CD31免疫组化检测毛细血管密度并进行皮温测定。结果与结论：病理切片显示移植组较对照组侧支血管明显增多,CD31免疫组化标记移植组较对照组毛细血管密度增加,移植组皮温比对照组明显增高,差异有显著性意义（P≤0.05）。实验结果表明人脐带间充质干细胞移植是改善糖尿病下肢缺血的一种有效手段。

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells transplantation improves lower limb ischemia of diabetic rabbits

BACKGROUND：The transplantation of bone marrow and autologous peripheral blood stem cells into the muscles of lower limbs of diabetes patients with lower limb ischemia can promote blood vessel regeneration,improve and recover the blood flow of affected limbs of diabetes patients with lower limb ischemia. However,the collection has great risk,and requires high levels in patients＇ age,body condition and psychological reception degree. Compared with bone marrow and autologous peripheral blood stem cells,umbilical cord resource is abundant; cell collection is simple; immunogenicity is weak. OBJECTIVE：To investigate the feasibility that transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells （HUCMSCs） for treatment of diabetic rabbit of lower limbs extremity arterial. METHODS：Models of diabetic rabbits were established. Femoral arteries of lower limbs were ligated. Prepared HUCMSCs in sign of DIL were directly injected into the left hindlimb four-headed thigh muscles in diabetic rabbit models （cell quantity was 1.67×106 per point）. Saline was directly injected into right lower limbs. At 2 and 4 weeks,adductor and gastrocnemius nuscle of the bilateral hindlimbs were collected. Angiogenesis of pathological sections was observed. Capillary density and skin temperature were measured using immunohistochemical staining for CD31. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Pathological sections exhibited that collateral vessels were significantly increased in the transplantation group compared with control group. Immunohistochemical staining for CD31 demonstrated that the capillary density was significantly higher in the transplantation group compared with control group. The skin temperature was significantly greater in the transplantation group compared with control group （P ≤ 0.05）. Results suggested that HUCMSCs transplantation in the treatment of diabetic rabbit of lower limbs ischemia is an effective measure.