骶岬周围血管的应用解剖学研究

目的明确骶岬周围血管(bloodvesselsofperisacralpromontory,BVPSP)的解剖学特点,为与其相关的手术提供应用解剖学资料。方法成人尸体37具,观测BVPSP的组成,骶中血管的来源、走行、直径以及骶岬距骶1横干静脉的距离。结果BVPSP由左右髂总动静脉和髂内动静脉,骶中动静脉上段和骶1横干静脉组成;骶中动脉均来自腹主动脉;骶中静脉变异较大,管壁薄、缺乏瓣膜;在骶岬水平,骶中动、静脉的直径平均是1.02mm和2.53mm;骶中血管少在左侧近骶岬段经过。骶岬平面距骶1横干静脉的平均距离为5.75mm。结论BVPSP组成复杂,特别是骶中静脉变异多,骶1横干静脉距骶岬平面较近、与周围血管吻合丰富是造成与骶岬相关手术出血的解剖学基础。

Applied anatomy study on blood vessels of perisacral promontory

Objective To provide applied anatomic data for relevant operations of blood vessels of perisacral promontory(BVPSP). Methods The composition of BVPSP including origin, course, diameter of the middle sacral vessels, the distance between the sacral promontory and the sacral 1 transverse trunk were observed on 37 adult cadavers. Result The BVPSP is composed of the common and internal iliac vessels, the superior segment of the middle sacral vessels and the sacral 1 transverse trunk. Middle sacral artery comes from abdominal aorta. Middle sacral veins are thin walled without valves. The average diameter of middle sacral artery and vein is 1.02 mm and 2.53 mm respectively. The distance between the sacral 1 transverse trunk and the sacral promontory is 5.75 mm. Conclusion The composition of BVPSP, especially middle sacral veins, plentiful vascular anastomosis are the anatomical basis leading to massive hemorrhage in the relevant operations.