不同时期胰岛素治疗妊娠合并糖尿病后的妊娠结局

目的 探讨在妊娠的不同时期给予妊娠合并糖尿病患者胰岛素治疗所致的母婴结局.方法 选择我院2011年5月至2013年6月收治的52例妊娠合并糖尿病的临床资料,其中28例在妊娠32周之前给予合理剂量的胰岛素治疗,设为早期诊断治疗组;另外24例在妊娠32周之后给予合理剂量的胰岛素治疗,设为晚期诊断治疗组.对比2组患者的妊娠结局、孕妇的子宫血流动力学参数差异、妊娠期高血压发生率及2组患者的新生儿结局.结果 上述52例妊娠合并糖尿病经过临床胰岛素治疗及相应的饮食治疗后病情基本稳定,血糖均控制在正常值范围.但早期诊断治疗组孕妇早产及剖宫产的发生率显著高于晚期诊断治疗组（P＜0.05）;早期诊断治疗组新生儿酮症、胎儿窘迫、巨大儿的发生率显著低于晚期诊断治疗组（P＜0.05）;2组孕妇的妊高症发生率差别无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.2组孕妇的子宫动脉血流指数S/D值差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,晚期诊断治疗组患者阻力指数（resistance inde,RI）,搏动指数（pulsatility index,PI）高于早期诊断治疗组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 妊娠期间给予妊娠合并糖尿病患者合理剂量的胰岛素治疗可显著改善患者病情、控制血糖.在妊娠32周之前给予胰岛素治疗,可显著改善新生儿生产结局,对孕妇剖宫产及早产起到一定程度的促进作用,但对妊娠合并糖尿病的具体治疗给药方案仍需进一步临床验证.

The effect of insulin therapy at different periods on pregnancy outcome of gestational diabetes patients

Objective To discuss the maternal and neonatal outcomes in gestational diabetes patients given insulin therapy at different periods.Methods Clinical data of 52 cases of gestational diabetes patients admitted from May 2011 to June 2013 in The Central Hospital of Ningbo Development Zone were analyzed,among whom 28 cases accepted insulin therapy before 32 weeks of pregnancy（early diagnosis treatment group）and the rest 24 cases accepted insulin therapy after 32 weeks of pregnancy（late diagnosis treatment group）.The pregnancy outcome,hemodynamic parameters,incidence of hypertension,and the outcome of neonates were compared.Results The blood glucose of the 52 patients was controlled in the normal range after insulin therapy.However,incidence of preterm and cesarean section was significantly higher in the early diagnosis treatment group than that in the late diagnosis treatment group （P ＜ 0.05）.The incidence of neonatal ketosis,fetal distress,and the incidence of macrosomia was significantly lower in the early treatment group than that in late diagnosis treatment group （P ＜ 0.05）.The incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension had not statistical difference between the two groups of pregnant women（P ＞ 0.05）.S/D value of the two groups of pregnant women had no statistical significance（P ＞ 0.05）.RI and PI value was significantly higher in the late diagnosis treatment group than those in early diagnosis treatment group（P ＜0.05）.Conclusions The blood glucose of patients was controlled in the normal range after insulin therapy.Insulin therapy before 32 weeks of pregnancy can improve pregnancy outcomes.However,further research is needed for specific treatment programs.