Non-carcinogenic risk assessment induced by heavy metals content of the bottled water in Iran |
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| Authors: | Yadolah Fakhri Mohammad Rasoul Hadiani Hassan Keramati Rokhsane Hosseini Pouya Bigard Moradi |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;2. Heavy Metals Analysis Laboratory, Food and Drug Laboratory Research Centre, Food and Drug Organization, Tehran, Iran;3. Food and Drug Reference Laboratories Centre, Food and Drug Organization, Tehran, Iran;4. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran;5. Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran;6. Department of Health Public, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Recently, the exposure to heavy metals from bottled waters raised huge concerns. In this context, for the first time the risk of non-carcinogenic exposure by the heavy metals in Iranian drinking water was assessed. Therefore, by using the obtained data in our previous published study, the target hazard quotient (THQ) and total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) by considering to the sexuality of consumers were calculated. THQ in females were determined as significantly higher (p??Pb?>?Hg?>?Cd?>?Cu, respectively. The minimum and maximum of THQ for the males were observed in age groups of?+65 and 1–3?years, respectively. The minimum and maximum of THQ for females were noted in age groups of 11–14 and 1–3?years, respectively. Since TTHQ for all ages were less than 1 (p?
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| Keywords: | Bottled water risk assessment THQ TTHQ heavy metals |
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