Radio-opaque polyethylene for personalized craniomaxillofacial implants |
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Authors: | Kozakiewicz Marcin Olbrzymek Leszek Stefanczyk Ludomir Olszycki Marek Komorowski Piotr Walkowiak Bogdan Konieczny Bartłomiej Krasowski Michał Sokołowski Jerzy |
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Affiliation: | 1.Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549, Lodz, Poland ;2.Ledo Ltd., Gliniana 19, 91-336, Lodz, Poland ;3.Department of Radiology, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcinskiego 22, 90-153, Lodz, Poland ;4.Department of Biophysics, Technical University of Lodz, Stefanowskiego 1/15, 90-924, Lodz, Poland ;5.BioNanoPark laboratories, Lodz Regional Park of Science and Technology, Dubois 114/116, 93-465, Lodz, Poland ;6.Material Science Laboratory, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 251, 92-213, Lodz, Poland ; |
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Abstract: | Objective This study aimed to present a new possibility to create radio-opaque implant material for craniomaxillofacial reconstruction. Materials and methodsThe test disks made of the own compound of polyethylenes with addiction of 2, 4, and 6 % of weight TiO2 was investigated for cytotoxicity [each group 15 disks respectively]. Next, computed tomography of the disks was performed in environment of muscle and fat. Hardness, tensile modulus and strength, and compressive modulus and strength were tested too. ResultsDeterioration of mechanical properties of the composites containing titanium dioxide was observed [hardness, tensile modulus and strength, compressive modulus and strength, respectively: 56.7 ± 1.6 shore D, 354 ± 52, 22.5 ± 1.3, 21.8 ± 1.1, and 2995 ± 327 MPa as addiction of 2 % TiO2; 52.0 ± 0.9 shore D, 347 ± 66, 18.0 ± 0.7, 14.2 ± 0.9, and 1396 ± 477 MPa as 4 % TiO2; 51.3 ± 1.3 shore D, 316 ± 9, 17.4 ± 0.2, 13.6 ± 0.6, and 1100 ± 144 MPa as 6 % TiO2 added]. The test disks revealed no cytotoxicity effect on human osteoblasts. The new material presents mild radio-opacity which was enough to observe the implant in relation to fat and muscle, but with no visible effect of beam hardening. ConclusionIn view of the performed tests, the polyethylene enriched by titanium dioxide seems to be a proper material to consider manufacturing of craniomaxillofacial implants. Clinical relevanceMaxilloafacial surgery is still looking for new implantologic materials. The proposed one is a new way to manufacture an implant visible in computed tomography which does not interfere with its shape in radiological examination and makes it possible to observe the surrounding soft tissues. |
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