能谱CT、MRI定性和定量诊断脂肪肝及研究进展

以往脂肪肝无创性诊断依赖B超、常规CT及MRI,但诊断准确性受限。随着能谱CT和3.0 T MRI的发展,出现了多种定性及定量诊断方法。能谱CT物质分离及能谱曲线等多参数成像能够测量肝脏的脂肪含量并评估其严重程度。3.0 T MRI新的化学位移水脂分离包括迭代最小二乘法非对称采集水脂分离(IDEAL)梯度回波和六回波成像技术,为脂肪肝的定量诊断提供新的途径。本文就能谱CT和MRI对脂肪肝的定性及定量诊断进展予以概述。

Progress of qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of fatty liver disease with energy spectral CT and MRI

In the past, noninvasive diagnosis of fatty liver disease mainly depended on ultrasonography, conventional computed tomography(CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but the diagnosis accuracy was limited. Varied qualitative and quantitative diagnosis methods are exploited with technical developments in dual-energy spectral CT and MRI at 3.0 T. By adopting multi-parameters, such as material decomposition and energy spectral curve, the dual-energy spectral CT imaging can measure the fat content and then estimate the severity of fatty liver. The newly chemical shift imaging technique at 3.0 T MRI, including iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) gradient-echo imaging and IDEAL quant imaging, provides a new approach to quantitatively assess fatty liver disease. Here, we reviewed the advances of dual-energy spectral CT and MRI on the qualitative and quantitative diagnosis in fatty liver disease.