大鼠先天性马蹄内翻足患肢及脊髓的病理观察

目的 在建立先天性马蹄内翻足(CCF)的动物模型基础上，探讨其病因、发病机制及病变特点。方法 应用83只雌性Wistar大白鼠从孕第10天起，将维甲酸(120mg／kg体重)石蜡油混悬液(0．04g／L)经胃管单次注入，建立胎鼠CCF动物模型。结果 动物模型的CCF发病率为53．7％，单足为79．4％，双足为20．6％。距骨持续停滞在胚胎阶段，距骨、跟骨间重叠不良和跟骨内翻，踝角随胎鼠发育而逐渐增大。脊髓前角细胞有凋亡现象。结论 CCF在胚胎期即有足的马蹄内翻且畸形随生长发育而加重，其病因可能与脊髓病变相关。

Pathological observation of the affected limbs and spinal cord of experimental animal model of congenital clubfoot

Objective To explore the etiology of congenital clubfoot and the pathodynamic developmental procedure.Methods Eighty-three female Wistar rats were administered with retinoic acid on day 10 after pregnancy.Hindlimbs of experimental and control groups were studied.Results There was clubfoot-like deformity in 53.7% of the experimental fetuses.Persistence of the embryonic position of the talus and tibia in fetuses with severe clubfoot-like deformity was observed.Poor overlapping between talus and calcaneus was seen.An equines position of the calcaneus were observed.The ankle angles were increased during fetuses development as compared with control group.Neuron apoptosis at the anterior horn of spinal cord were seen.Conclusion There were rotational anomalies in the hindfoots from the beginning of the fetal period,and these anomalies are increased during development.CCF was involved closely in defects of neural tube and spinal cord.