上海市嘉定区城乡居民健康知识和健康行为流行病学调查

目的了解上海市嘉定区城乡居民健康知识知晓情况和健康行为形成现况及其影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取了嘉定区12个镇（街道）3593人城乡居民进行问卷调查。结果嘉定区居民总体健康知识知晓率和行为形成率分别为82.0%和64.4%。城区居民的总体健康知识知晓率为87.8%,农村居民为76.2%;城区居民总体健康行为形成率为64.7%,农村居民为64.2%。城乡居民间有16项单项健康知识知晓率差异具有统计学意义,其中有3项健康知识知晓率农村居民高于城区居民,其余13项均为城区居民高于农村居民。不同年龄组、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、月收入和城乡居民间总体健康知识知晓率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。不同性别居民间总体健康行为形成率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论城乡居民之间健康知识水平存在差距,应加强对农村居民的健康教育工作。

Investigation on Health Knowledge and Health-related Behaviors of Urban and Rural Residents in Jiading District

OBJECTIVES To understand the status of health knowledge and health-related behaviors of urban and rural residents and its potential influencing factors in Jiading District in Shanghai. METHODS A total of 3 593 residents were selected based on the multistage cluster sampling to undergo a questionnaire survey from Jiading District of Shanghai. RESULTS The health knowledge awareness rate and health behavioral formed rate of residents in Jiading District were 82.0% and 64.4% respectively. The awareness rate of health knowledge in urban resident was 87.8% verses 76.2% in rural. The awareness rate of health behavior formation in urban resident was 64.7% comparing with 64.2% in rural. There were significant differences among residents among age groups,education levels,occupations,marriage status and average income levels respectively（P〈0.01）. The difference of health behavior formed rate among males and females was statistically significant（P〈0.01）. CONCLUSIONS We should do more efforts to bridge the gaps of health behavioral formed rate and health knowledge between rural and urban residents in Jiading District.