学龄前儿童感觉统合失调与气质的关系

目的:探讨学龄前儿童感觉统合失调与气质的关系。方法:从太原市某幼儿园的257名学龄前儿童中随机抽取90名儿童进行感觉统合能力和气质的评定。结果:感觉统合失调儿童的气质类型构成有显著性差异,在轻度失调儿童中,难养型所占比例最大;重度失调儿童则以启动缓慢型和难养型所占比例较大。启动缓慢型感觉统合失调以前庭失衡为主,难养型以触觉过分防御为突出表现,易养型则表现在前庭失衡和本体感不良方面。感觉统合失调儿童在规律性、情绪本质方面的得分明显低于正常儿童;反应强度则显著高于正常儿童。情绪本质、反应阈、反应强度和趋避性四个维度是影响感觉统合失调的主要因素。结论:学龄前儿童感觉统合失调与气质特点有关,应针对不同的气质特点采取不同的抚养和教育方式,预防感觉统合失调和行为问题的发生。

The Study of Relationship Between Sensory Integration Dysfunction and Temperament of Preschool Children

Objective:To explore the relationship between sensory integrative dysfunction (SID) and temperament of preschool children.Methods:90 cases of preschool children were selected at random in 257 preschool children.They were analyzed with Sensory Integrative Test Scales and Parent Temperament Questionnaire.Results:The proportions of different temperament children in SID were significantly different. In mild SID , the largest proportion was difficult temperament children.There are more slow-to-warm-up and difficult temperament chi laden than easy temperament children in serious SID.Slow-to-warm-up children manifested as imbalance of vestibule,difficult temperament displayed as tactile defensiveness, easy temperament mainly manifested as imbalance of vestibule and proprioceptive integrative dysfunction.The scores of the SID were significantly lower than normal children in their rhythmicity and quality of reaction. But the scores of the SID were significantly higher than normal children in intensity of reaction.Quality of mood , threshold of responsiveness, intensity of reaction and approach and withdrawal were the dangerous factor of SID.Conclusion:SID had some relation to temperament of preschool children, we should take different education and raising measures to prevent SID and behavior problem.