流行性乙型脑炎的远期后遗症

目的：了解乙脑远期后遗症的状况，为全面评价乙脑的疾病负担提供依据。方法：应用历史性队列研究方法，对在1973-1994年间患乙脑的病人进行随访，并以同时实验室诊断乙脑阴性的脑炎病人和健康人分别作为乙脑病人组的两个对照组。对三组对象进行神经系统体格检查，日常生活功能评价(ADL)和智力测定。结果：在乙脑病后8-26年，有29例（34％）乙脑病人有远期后遗症，其中7例因后遗症在本次随访前已死亡。在22例存活的病人中，有12人（5％）有中、重度的后遗症。与非乙脑组和健康对照组相比，乙脑所致的远期后遗症的相对危险度分别为4.15和26.61。结论：乙脑病后所致的残疾相当严重，并给社会和家庭造成较大的负担。

Long-term Follow up of Post-Japanese Encephalitis Patients

To measure the risk of long - term post - JE illness - associated disability, and give the basis of estimating the disease burden of JE. Methods We carried out a retrospective,controlled co-hort study with participation of neurologists- experts,to follow up post - JE patients. Two control groups:no - JE patients and healthy people were followed up as control groups.Physical and neurologic examinations, IQ measurement and MMSE were used for examination. Results We found 29 [34%,(95% CI: 24 % - 44 % ) ] JE patients (including the dead) with long- term sequelae associated with JE among the 85 patients followed up,6[8% ,(95% CI:2% -14% )] no JE patients (in including the dead) with long- term sequelae associated with no-JE among the 73 patients followed up,and only l[l%,(95% CI:-1%-3%)] subject with IQ = 82 in normal control group. The proportion of long - term sequelae of J E patients is larger than that of no -JE and normal control group with the relative risk of 4.15 (95% CI:1.83-9.44) and 26.61(95% CI:3.71 - 190.76) respectively( P < 0.001). Conclusions The long - term post - JE illness - associated disability is very severe,and will give heavy burden to the society and families.