早期喂养方式对2岁以下婴幼儿肥胖影响的纵向研究

【目的】 探讨早期喂养方式对婴幼儿肥胖发生及转归的影响,为临床有效预防提供策略。 【方法】 回顾调查522名在南京市妇幼保健院儿保科体检的2岁儿童,按其0~4个月喂养方式不同分成母乳喂养组与人工喂养组,比较两组儿童在不同月龄(3、6、9、12、18及24个月)时超重及肥胖的发生率;并纵向观察3月龄组超重及肥胖儿童随月龄增长超重及肥胖的转归情况。 【结果】 人工喂养组儿童各月龄肥胖发生率、超重加肥胖发生率呈先递增后递减趋势,母乳喂养组则呈现随月龄增加递减趋势。其中18月龄母乳喂养组儿童肥胖发生率显著低于人工喂养组,12、24月龄母乳喂养组儿童超重加肥胖发生率显著低于人工喂养组(P＜0.05);两组中3月龄发生超重及肥胖的儿童在后期各月龄肥胖发生率逐渐下降,以母乳喂养组下降更明显(P＜0.05)。 【结论】 早期母乳喂养对2岁以内儿童超重及肥胖的发生有保护作用;母乳喂养对早期超重及肥胖儿童后期超重及肥胖的发生亦有保护作用。

Longitudinal study:the effects of early feeding types on the infant(<2 years old) obesity

【Objective】 To investigate the effects of early feeding types on the development of infant obesity. 【Methods】 A retrospective study was used to survey 522 children(aged 2) who had regular health care in Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital. According to the feeding types before 4 months old, they were classified into breast feeding group and bottle feeding group. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in different months were compared between the two groups. 【Results】 The prevalence of obesity and overweight in bottle feeding group were elevated with age increased and reached peak in 12 months old, then decreased gradually, while they were gradually declined with age increased in breast feeding group. In 18 months old, obesity was more prevalent in the infants with bottle feeding than that with breast feeding(P＜0.05). In 12 and 24 months old, the rates of overweight and obesity were significantly higher in bottle feeding group than that with breast feeding(P＜0.05). Furthermore, in both groups, the prevalence of obesity and overweight were both declined with age increased in 3 months old obesity and overweight children, especially in breast feeding group(P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 Early breast feeding may have a potential benefit in preventing the occurrence and aggravation of infant obesity and overweight within 2 yeas old.